On Thursday, November 6, Minneapolis-Saint Paul ABC affiliate KSTP ran a story claiming Minneapolis Mayor Betsy Hodges had “flashed a gang sign” with a “known felon” during a get out the vote drive in North Minneapolis. The photo shows Hodges embracing and pointing at a young black man, and him pointing back. To support the headline that law enforcement officials were “outraged” by Hodges’s interactions with this man, KSTP reporter Jay Kolls quoted retired Minneapolis police officer Michael Quinn, who accused Hodges of “legitimizing gangs who are killing our children.” The story drew an immediate backlash in other press outlets and on social media. Writing in the Star Tribune, University of St. Thomas law professor Nekima Levy-Pounds criticized the media’s routine portrayal of black men as dangerous criminals and argued that such stories desensitize people to institutional racism. Twitter users deployed the hashtag #pointergate to criticize KSTP and Kolls for their inflammatory reporting, and by mid-day Friday, #pointergate was the top non-sponsored hashtag in the U.S. What might KSTP have expected to gain from running a story like this? Should it have anticipated the furious backlash? And should we be surprised that the reaction on Twitter is as big a story as the original report? Playing on fear has long been a media tactic for drawing attention to stories, but the fear of crime and gangs is a special case.
News media organizations construct their stories as secular morality plays that deploy a “discourse of fear,” which transforms news consumers into victims of the problems that the stories construct. The use of these “problem frames” has increased during the 2000s, and the media applies them much more frequently to stories about race, drugs and gangs.
- David L. Altheide. 1997. “‘The News Media, the Problem Frame, and the Production of Fear.’” Sociological Quarterly 38(4):647–68.
- David L. Altheide. 2009. “Moral Panic: From Sociological Concept to Public Discourse.” Crime, Media, Culture 5(1):79–99.
- Mark Peffley, Todd Shields, and Bruce Williams. 1996. “The Intersection of Race and Crime in Television News Stories: An Experimental Study.” Political Communication 13(3): 309-327.
Social media allows marginalized groups to share frustration much more quickly and publicly. In these symbolic conflicts, both sides escalate their positions through the same venues, like Twitter, and the side that escalates fastest usually prevails. KSTP’s silence on Twitter has given their critics full, uncontested voice, and allowed them to make their protest itself a news item.
- James M. Jasper. 2014. “Constructing Indignation: Anger Dynamics in Protest Movements.” Emotion Review 6(3):208–13.
- Randall Collins. 2012. “C-Escalation and D-Escalation A Theory of the Time-Dynamics of Conflict.” American Sociological Review 77(1):1–20.
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