In conjunction with the larger, more theoretical recommendation of Laub and Sampson’s 2001 article from our previous reading list suggestion, those interested in employment and criminal records might be particularly interested in Devah Pager’s 2003 piece in which the researcher found a prison record reduced the likelihood of a “callback” from an employer by 50% for whites and over 60% for African American job-seekers. The problem clearly goes well beyond Target and began well before last week.
Last week, the U.S.’s Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) issued a revised guidance encouraging the hiring of individuals with criminal records, going so far as to urge employers to consider research on crime desistance since, as The Crime Report puts it, many often “rely on ill-informed and misguided notions about risk and recidivism.” The EEOC guidelines specifically cite this classic Laub and Sampson article.
Scholars and journalists alike often truncate the roots of social movements by pointing to simple origin stories, predicated on the publication of seminal books like Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique, Michael Harrington’s The Other America, or Ralph Nader’s Unsafe at Any Speed. The truth is that books and intellectualism have a role, but it’s more often symbolic and a function of collective memory than collective action. For a fuller story, these authors believe we must consider social and historical factors outside the world of big, singular ideas (or big, singular expressions of those ideas).
Despite complaints about the organization behind the purposefully viral campaign to raise awareness about the Ugandan atrocities perpetrated by Joseph Kony (a number of which have been catalogued here), it’s clear that Invisible Children has been incredibly effective in gaining visibility for their cause. Look to Keck and Sikkink’s classic work to examine other activist networks and gain a better understanding of the information, symbols, leverage, and accountability these networks use to gain power in the international sphere.
The authors of this brand new article use data from 21 different European countries to examine the impact of ethnic composition on perceptions of neighborhood safety. The basic take-away is that the more immigrants (or non-Europeans) there are in a community, the lower the perceptions of safety in those neighborhoods. But, while people believe they’re less safe, it’s interesting to keep in mind recent U.S. findings that higher immigrant proportions in neighborhoods actually appear to lower crime rates.
This well-crafted and engaging new book looks at women involved in Direct Home Sales, selling things like Tupperware and Mary Kay cosmetics at house parties among friends. The authors explore emotional fulfillment, work-life balance, and fun in a flexible work model and a billion-dollar industry. To learn more about other “feminist economies,” our own Cyborgology posted “Pinterest and Feminism” just yesterday!
As Michiganders and others pondered their Republican presidential candidates last week, Khan’s book reminded us of the concerted cultivation of leaders, even those who spend a good deal of time trying to hone their “Joe the plumber,” anti-intellectual chops while simultaneously using their prep school education and social capital to climb the political ladder.
At a moment when so many are asking unanswerable questions about violence in schools, Newman and her colleagues discuss how the “roots of violence are deeply entwined in the communities” and why the warning signs of such events are frequently, but understandably, overlooked.