Here, Amber Case states something commonly repeated on this blog: we are all cyborgs. As such, she calls herself a cyborg anthropologist, similar to how we conceive of the study of technology and society as Cyborgology (perhaps without such strict disciplinary terms – but that is another discussion).
However, there is much disagreement between Case’s usage of the term and how I (and others) on this blog define a cyborg.
First, Case argues in the video above that the human cyborg is a recent invention. A product of new technologies that compress our mental capacities over time and space. On this blog, however, we tend to use the term much more broadly. For instance, one fundamental technology that structures other technologies built upon it is language. Post-structuralist thinking has long taught us about the power of language to drive what and how people think, how selves are formed, how power is enacted, and so on. Other technologies, such as spatial organization (think the architectural technologies of the amphitheater or panoptic prison) have profound impact on the mental processes of humans. The human mind has never been independent of technology, and, as such, we have always been cyborgs.
My second disagreement surrounds Case’s argument that our digital selves are a sort of “second self.” Instead, I’ll argue that the notion of first and second selves might be a false binary. For Case, the second self is that digital version of ourselves online. She argues that we have to constantly maintain this second self that is always connected with others. And in this frantic explosion of connection we are not taking the time grow, we reflect less on who we really are and precisely how we want to present our second selves online. “Kids today,” Case states (I always shudder as to what follows that phrase), are becoming “addicted” to clicking buttons.
And it is here that Case should note that this problematic is precisely why her theoretical binary between first (physical world) and second (digital) selves is false. People are enmeshing their physical and digital selves to the point where the distinction is becoming increasingly irrelevant. Facebook profiles are heavily anchored in the physical world, and our offline interactions are influenced by digitality. The reality in which we exist is increasingly augmented by atoms and bits, and this augmented reality is inhabited by an augmented cyborg self (opposed to the dualistic language of first and second selves).
In future posts I would like to question some other assumptions built into Case’s framework. Instant communication is not necessarily without deep reflection, as I have previously argued. And following Michel Foucault, I would like to equally trouble the utility of constant self-reflection and discovery in search of some “truth.” Instead, I view this new task of subjectivity promoted by Case as a powerful form of social control embedded within the logic of social media.
Comments 21
Aaron Parecki — February 10, 2011
I enjoyed reading this critique, it's nice to see people actually following up with these ideas on their own.
However, I would like to mention that your first point, "Case argues in the video above that the human cyborg is a recent invention," is not entirely true. Case often talks about the earliest cyborgs being people who started using a hammer, or a knife.
http://technoccult.net/archives/2010/02/11/cyborg-anthropologist-amber-case-the-technoccult-interview/
From Case's O'Reilly webinar: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rCvMWZePS8E&t=7m13s
From Case's Ignite presentation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRWqa5o56hk&t=1m24s
Clearly she is not stating that being a cyborg is a recent invention.
Amber Case — February 10, 2011
Great! A critique! I was very happy to read this and I'd like to discuss it further with you at some point!
Bon — February 10, 2011
i want to hear more about the subjectivity as social control within social media. to some extent, that's how i think of what Case calls constantly maintaining the second self (except i concur and don't think of it as a second self).
i see cyborg subjectivity as performativity a la Butler, on and offline, but with digital performativity having higher stakes & regulatory demands. its immersive, participatory, reputational operations actually REWARD creative performance but also create a celebrity economy. which i suppose could be social control...
anyhoo. interested to see where you go with this.
Bon — February 10, 2011
also...regarding the second self. i don't like the term, and reject the dualism it implies, but at the same time while i think that the identity distinctions between online and offline life are increasingly minimal and blurred and perhaps meaningless...i think there does still need to be a term for what we carry around in the digital, for the package people read that is not the physical body.
what would you call it?
going to go try to write this out.
the man who sold the world | theory.cribchronicles.com — February 11, 2011
[...] of cyborgology – who adeptly critiques the binary implicated in the second self idea here – calls it a Profile, an aggregate sum of all the data out there about you. I think [...]
Bon — February 11, 2011
my conceptualization is a trail going back a year or so...not entirely different from yours, i don't think, though i tend to call it brand, mostly to disturb people. i traced some of my thoughts out here: http://theory.cribchronicles.com/2011/02/11/the-man-who-sold-the-world/
Digital Dualism versus Augmented Reality » Article » OWNI.eu, Digital Journalism — February 28, 2011
[...] Recently, I have critiqued “cyborg anthropologist” Amber Case for her use of Turkle’s outdated term “second self” to describe our online presence. My critique was that conceptually splitting so-called “first” and “second” selves creates a “false binary” because “people are enmeshing their physical and digital selves to the point where the distinction is becoming increasingly irrelevant.” [I'll offer my own take for what that digital presence should be called in a soon-to-come post.] [...]
“Todos somos ciborgs”: Amber Case y la ciberantropología. « — February 15, 2012
[...] como una poderosa forma de control social imbuido dentro de la lógica de los medios sociales, y manifiestan desacuerdo con el uso que Case le da al término [...]
Amber Case: Cyborg Anthropologist (a critique) » Cyborgology | Social Media and Healthcare Evaluation | Scoop.it — September 23, 2012
[...] Amber Case states something commonly repeated on this blog: we are all cyborgs. As such, she calls herself a cyborg anthropologist, similar to how we conceive of the study of technology and society as Cyborgology (perhaps without such strict disciplinary terms – but that is another discussion). However, there is much disagreement between Case’s usage of the term and how I (and others) on this blog define a cyborg. First, Case argues in the video above that the human cyborg is a recent invention. A product of new technologies that compress our mental capacities over time and space. On this blog, however, we tend to use the term much more broadly. For instance, one fundamental technology that structures other technologies built upon it is language. Post-structuralist thinking has long taught us about the power of language to drive what and how people think, how selves are formed, how power is enacted, and so on. Other technologies, such as spatial organization (think the architectural technologies of the amphitheater or panoptic prison) have profound impact on the mental processes of humans. The human mind has never been independent of technology, and, as such, we have always been cyborgs. My second disagreement surrounds Case’s argument that our digital selves are a sort of “second self.” Instead, I’ll argue that the notion of first and second selves might be a false binary. For Case, the second self is that digital version of ourselves online. She argues that we have to constantly maintain this second self that is always connected with others. And in this frantic explosion of connection we are not taking the time grow, we reflect less on who we really are and precisely how we want to present our second selves online. “Kids today,” Case states (I always shudder as to what follows that phrase), are becoming “addicted” to clicking buttons. [...]
Digital Dualism For Dummies: #1 Yo Dawg, I Herd U Like Theory… « Foucault's Daughter — November 11, 2012
[...] Recently, I have critiqued “cyborg anthropologist” Amber Case for her use of Turkle’s outdated term “second self” to describe our online presence. My critique was that conceptually splitting so-called “first” and “second” selves creates a “false binary” because “people are enmeshing their physical and digital selves to the point where the distinction is becoming increasingly irrelevant.” [I'll offer my own take for what that digital presence should be called in a soon-to-come post.] [...]
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