In a new blog post, Brad Wilcox and Nicholas Wolfinger ask, “are red or blue spouses happier?” Their answer — suspense — red.
Using the 2010-2014 General Social Survey, they start with this descriptive figure:
Then they do adjustments, and show how their statistical controls explain the “Republican advantage in marital satisfaction.” And get this:
So, with all those controls, the “Republican advantage” remains.
That was enough for the sadly credulous David Leonhardt, editor of the New York Times Upshot site, to conclude:
Liberal attitudes toward gender equality, sexual orientation and education all seem to foster stronger, more stable family lives. But Mr. Wilcox’s recent writings strike me as significant because they’re a reminder that conservatism also has values and cultural attitudes — about the importance of marriage and family life — that seem to improve the environment in which children grow up.
Quite a conclusion to draw from a 3% net difference in a question on marital happiness — not exactly the best measure of “the environment in which children grow up.” But more importantly, I think it’s empirically wrong anyway.
Wilcox and Wolfinger left out all the details of their analysis, but it was easy to replicate it pretty closely. As a left-versus-right story it just doesn’t hold up. The GSS allows people to specify eight party identifications (including “other party”), not just three (Democrat, Republican, Independent). Wilcox and Wolfinger code those as “Independent, near Democrat/Republican” as identifying with the parties, but they don’t show the whole pattern:
The upward slope toward “strong Democrats” undermines the left-right story. Still, the figure skews right. When I apply the statistical controls, however, the differences are muted:
Now the “strong Democrats” appear happier than all but the “strong Republicans.” And not even the “strong Republicans” are significantly more likely to say they’re “very happy” in marriage than the “strong Democrats.” Here’s the relevant part of the table:
Lots of ways you could interpret this. But I’m pretty sure the Wilcox and Wolfinger conclusion is not supported: “married Republicans are more likely than married Democrats to say they are in very happy marriages.” And the Leonhardt conclusion is just ridiculous (insofar as it’s based on these data).
Note: I did this really quickly. If I made a mistake, feel free to correct me. But I’m still calling this a “research brief” and a “report.” More methodological details here.
Philip N. Cohen is a professor of sociology at the University of Maryland, College Park. He writes the blog Family Inequality, where this post originally appeared, and is the author of The Family: Diversity, Inequality, and Social Change. You can follow him on Twitter or Facebook.
Comments 2
Bill R — September 3, 2015
Oh common. We all know most social science "research" is either poorly executed or fabricated in the first place.
Remember last week's UVA expose'?
"The past several years have been bruising ones for the credibility of the social sciences. A star social psychologist was caught fabricating data, leading to more than 50 retracted papers. A top journal published a studysupporting the existence of ESP that was widely criticized. The journal Science pulled a political science paper on the effect of gay canvassers on voters’ behavior because of concerns about faked data.
Now, a painstaking yearslong effort to reproduce 100 studies published in three leading psychology journals has found that more than half of the findings did not hold up when retested. "
philly doug — September 14, 2015
Dr. Cohen,
Thanks for this unpacking of the data.
There's another element to this research, a confound I think, which you don't mention- whether Republicans, as self-identified members of the 'family values/pro-traditional marriage' party, feel a psychological need to affirm this by *saying when asked* that they are in a happy/satisfactory marriage, without actually feeling that way.
Or perhaps some number of 'Strong Republicans' work hard to convince themselves that this must be true, to fend off cognitive dissonance, or disturbing questions about their beliefs (e.g., 'if I'm a staunch pro-family Republican, why isn't my marriage better? why does my spouse abuse me/cheat?', etc).
You likely know better than I, but my quick read of reports on spousal abuse, divorce, infidelity, and so forth, seem to suggest that political affiliation is not a significant factor in any of these. Ideology is unrelated to bad spousal behavior, in other words.
So what's up with more Republicans, on average (and not by much) saying their marriages are hunky-dory? Could it be a bit of 'Methinks the avowed conservatives doth protest too much?'