Lester Andrist (of The Sociological Cinema) sent in a clip by Feminist Frequency’s Anita Sarkeesian. She looks at the way that the movies that are rewarded with Oscars tend to be highly centered around male characters and male-dominated plots. It seemed appropriate for Oscars day:
(Transcript after the jump below.)
Lester also pointed out The Girls on Film, a group that recreates male-centered scenes from movies with a female cast. They’re fun and also highlight the types of roles we do and don’t expect to see women in. Here’s Lester’s favorite, a recreation of a scene from J. J. Abrams’s Star Trek:
Transcript
As you might have guessed, I watch a lot of movies, some of my favourites are science fiction but also dramas, action, thrillers and I’ll even admit the occasional romantic comedy. If you go to the movies a lot too you might have noticed one thing that the vast majority of these films have in common, most of the movies seem to be stories about men. One of the primary reasons Hollywood continually churns out movies about men is because we live in a male centered society. Most simply, male centeredness is an aspect of patriarchy that shows us how most of our attention is placed and prioritized on men, men’s stories, the things men do and the things men don’t do. As a result, the images we see in the media often focus on male-centered stories.
One way to demonstrate the male centeredness is not only to look at the movies that are made but to look at which films are most honoured and celebrated. To do this I looked up the films that won the Academy Award for best picture over the past 50 years. Let’s see whose stories are being told?
Starting in 2009 is The Hurt Locker which although directed by a woman is still all about men
Slumdog Millionaire – men
No Country for Old Men – need I say more
The Departed – is about men
Crash – is an ensemble
Million Dollar Baby – is interesting because it’s pretty equally a story about a man and a woman
Lord of the Rings – men
Chicago – is woman centered
A Beautiful Mind – men
Gladiator – is about a man who fights other men
American Beauty – man
Shakespeare in Love – man
Titanic – is from a man’s perspective
The English Patient – man
Braveheart – man
Forrest Gump – man
Schindler’s List – man
The Unforgiven – is about men on horses
The Silence of the Lambs – is about a man who eats people, and this is interesting because although Jodi Foster’s character plays a pretty big role in the film, you would never describe it as a movie about an FBI agent who… you would describe it as a movie about Hannibal Lecter.
Dances with Wolves – man
Driving Miss Daisy – is about a man and a woman
Rain Man – is about a man and his brother
The Last Emperor – man
Platoon – man
Out of Africa – is woman centered
Amadeus – is about a man
Terms of Endearment – is woman centered
Gandhi – is about a man, albeit a pretty extraordinary one
Chariots of Fire – men
Ordinary People – is about a family
Kramer vs Kramer – is about a couple
The Deer Hunter – men
Annie Hall – is about a man and his love life
Rocky – is about a man who fights other men, again.
One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest – man
The Godfather, Part II – men
The Sting – is about two con men
The Godfather, Part I – men
The French Connection – is about men
Patton – men
Midnight Cowboy – is a man
Oliver! – is a boy
In the Heat of the Night – is about men
A Man for All Seasons – man
The Sound of Music – is woman centered
My Fair Lady – is another interesting one because it’s pretty equally about both a man and a woman’s story
Tom Jones – man
Lawrence of Arabia – is so male centered that there aren’t even any female speaking roles in it
West Side Story – is about both a man and a woman
And finally in 1960 is The Apartment which is from a man’s perspectiveSo only 4 out of 50 are centered exclusively on women’s lives. The vast majority are stories about men and their lives and although a few are ensemble casts the women often play secondary or stereotypical roles.
Year after year we see men and men’s stories being created, produced, celebrated and awarded while women’s stories take a back seat or aren’t even represented. and it’s also Hollywood behind the scenes that is dominated by men. It’s astonishing that Kathryn Bigelow is the only woman to have ever won an academy award for best director in it’s 83 year history, and she won for “The Hurt Locker” in 2009, which is most definitely a male-centered film. In fact only 4 women have ever even been nominated for best director. And what’s more startling is that women only account for 7% of Hollywood directors. Hollywood executives, production companies, financial investors and backers are most interested in marketing to young men and funding stories that they, as men, can relate to. Thus they fund and produce the majority of Hollywood films to appeal to this demographic.
Obviously, I want to see a many, many more films centered on women’s stories, however it’s important to note that even women centric films can be sexist. For instance, in so called “chick flicks” depict women in stereotypical gender roles obsessed with shopping, love and finding “Mr. Right”. I want to see more films that depict women as full and complete human beings. And just so we are absolutely clear… I’m not saying stories centered on men are never good, interesting or important but I want to point out that they are disproportionally valued and most rewarded in our society.
Here are a few simple questions to keep in mind next time you are at the movies, to help you identify whether the story you are watching is male or female centered.
1. who has the most screen time
2. whose perspective do we see the scene from
3. whose story arc does the plot revolve around
4. do we see them make decisions
5. who do we most identify with
Comments 105
j — February 27, 2011
Very interesting stuff overall. But is "Titanic" from a man's perspective? It's been a while since I saw it, but I thought I remembered it being told from the perspective of the old woman...
j — February 27, 2011
gotcha. The "Girls on Film" stuff is excellent, by the way. I wasn't aware of it before. Thanks!
Laura — February 27, 2011
This reminds me of the so-called Bechdel Test for movies. In Dykes to Watch Out For, one character says she doesn't watch movies that don't fit 3 basic criteria:
1.) It must have at least 2 female characters
2.) It must depict at least one conversation between two female characters
3.) This conversation must be about something other than a man
Mantis Toboggan, MD — February 27, 2011
The main focus of the article seems to be that there is this bias among the Oscars voters - but the article fails to list any women centered movies that are overlooked. If these films didn't diserve to win as 'best picture', then which did? Where are these great films that being snubbed each and every year? Should we have given 'Cat Woman' an academy award?
Perhaps the writer of the article is just mad that most of the best films of our the past 50 years didn't need to be focused on women to be great.
Patrick — February 27, 2011
Nice, but: Silence of the Lambs is *definitely* a woman's story, and even a woman in a non-traditional role – Jodie Foster is awesome :) It's just that Anthony Hopkins turned in a pretty fascinating psychopath, but Hannibal Lecter does *not* have a lot of scenes in the film. By the very standards given in the video, Silence of the Lambs is about Clarice Starling. Now, Hannibal, not so much. But Silence of the Lambs, yes.
Not that it changes much, but if I can speak up for Jodie Foster, I will.
$ocraTTTe$ — February 27, 2011
Unfortunately women didn't really get to do all that much important/interesting stuff until about the 1970's, so given that a lot of movies are set in the past we already have a problem coming up with as many interesting woman centered stories as there are interesting male centered stories. We're dealing with the last 30 years vs. 5000 years of history, and even in that 30 year period men are still more involved in doing the kinds of things that make for an interesting film, though this is slowly changing.
Also, a lot of these films focused on war. This is not to say that women are not a part of war, civilians are often a substantial portion of the casualties. The thing is, these are American films being judged at the academy awards, and seeing as we're typically fighting wars on foreign soil, American women play a much smaller role in armed conflict than do the women who are in some of the countries where Americans have been involved in conflict. If the story of war is told from an American perspective, it's going to be a disproportionately male perspective.
Finally, there's the general point that male behavior tends to be more extreme than female behavior. Serial killers are disproportionately male, gangsters are disproportionately male. Violence sells, and men are more often involved in violence than women (both as victims and perpetrators, check the statistics).
Is it possible that male activities, which often involve physical violence, are more suitable for entertaining the masses on the screen because they are more visual in nature?
It sucks that women often lead less interesting lives than men. Perhaps more women should start making suits out of human skin and committing genocide and then you will get the attention you deserve.
Mahi — February 27, 2011
I was wondering about the golden raspberry awards. What are the ratios of male vs. female centered movies in "bad movie awards'?
Nevenka — February 27, 2011
I agree the fact that so many films are centred around men does not say anything about the quality of the films, many of which I like a lot, but about the target groups of the film studios. I believe there is another important reason, why the industry works this way: Women are trained from the moment they are born to indulge in male centred art – just think about the books we read in school, the music we learn to admire – mostly created by men. During out youth we constantly learn to identify with male protagonists, when there is no female available. This way we accept male-centred culture to be the standard, the norm(al). On the other hand, movies that centre about women, books that have female protagonists tend to be stored in the women’s something category – thereby almost automatically erased from men’s radars. Boys are hardly ever forced to dive into the female perspective, never learn to draw the other in the centre, and instead devalue what is consequently strange to them.
new — February 27, 2011
I have only watched this Star Trek scene, and not any of the others yet. In my opinion, this scene does a disservice to the idea that more movies should feature female protagonists and antagonists. Why? because this scene isn't as good as the original. I think the scene could be acted out by either men or women. Unfortunately the two actors in the original do a better job... not because they are men... it's just a stronger scene. Why is this one your favorite? What am I missing?
I hope the other remakes they do are stronger or at least highly entertaining on a satirical or ironic level. I just don't see that happening here.
new — February 27, 2011
Ok. Just watched the other videos on their site, and I do believe that they are helping to promote the idea that men make for more interesting leads or at least are going to sell more tickets at the box office.
I don't think men make for more interesting leads, but re creating mediocre scenes with women acting in the roles may lead a viewer to think, "Hey, this is boring. Must be because chicks are boring."
Sorry to offend the actresses, but the scenes are just too weak.
Their About page listing Penis Envy as their driving force for recreating the scenes also works against (or with?) what I assume are the main concerns behind this post. No?
Waiting Room Reading- 2/27 « Welcome to the Doctor's Office — February 27, 2011
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Tegan — February 27, 2011
Something I noticed specifically about the Girls on Film version of Fight Club when I first saw it: why does Tyler have lip gloss at the beginning? From what I can recall (and it's been a long time since I saw Fight Club, so I may be wrong) the original Tyler had a cigarette; why have they changed it? It feels like it usurps the message they're trying to send by altering it. Smoking isn't a strictly 'masculine' habit in the first place. On the same note why the outfit change? Why can't female Tyler wear flat shoes?
At the same time there's a visible discrepancy in the actor's ages. The actress playing Captain Pike is in a completely different age bracket to the original male actor. Same goes for the two girls in Fight Club: both Norton and Pitt were in their thirties, they aren't. They're playing into a Hollywood archetype of 'women always being attractive (and usually young)' without even meaning to.
Maybe I'm reading too far into it. Their about page definitely doesn't give the impression they're trying to bring to light anything. The reasons they've listed on the page make it sound more like they're doing it for funsies than anything else.
Best Art Blog » Male-Centric Plots and the Oscars » Sociological Images — February 28, 2011
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:] — February 28, 2011
Can't believe no one has mentioned good ol' Miyzaki yet.
Dude fucking loves strong female roles. In fact the only two movies that didn't feature them was :
*Porco Russo
*Lupin III
That leaves :
* Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind
* Castle in the Sky
* My Neighbor Totoro
* Kiki's Delivery Service
* Princess Mononoke
* Spirited Away
* Howl's Moving Castle
* Ponyo
Andrew — February 28, 2011
A big part of the problem Hollywood has with women-oriented narratives is that they quickly feel quite dated, and are much harder to export (bear in mind, the international market is where most of the profit is).
It's not only that we live in a male-centered society. Men's role in society hasn't changed nearly as much as that of women in the last 50 years. So a dusty old narrative about men from years back is likelier to seem contemporary to today's audience than one about women. And this actually makes a huge difference in determining what gets produced. Remember, we're talking about an industry that is notoriously slow and awkward to adapt to social change.
Still, aside from some fudgy pattern-seeking, I don't really see any value in extrapolating general trends from a list of Oscar winners. "The King's Speech," for example, is hardly representative of what was going on in film in 2010, and it certainly wasn't the only film that was broadly (over)praised this year. 4 out of the 10 Best Picture nominees (The Kids Are All Right, Black Swan, Winter's Bone, and True Grit) absolutely fit Anita's criteria for "female-centered."
Additionally, a movie narrative is seldom ever simply a person's "story being told." And while I share Anita's preference for more "full and complete" female characters in films, it has to be said that most Hollywood films lack "full and complete human" characters of any gender. Yes, most of the generic archetypal lead roles are male, but if you zoomed in on that little sliver of films that are actually about more subtle aspects of the human experience, the majority of them are quite rich with female characters, and I wouldn't be surprised if a majority were female-centered or ensemble. Too bad hardly anyone watches them.
Alicia — February 28, 2011
Just a little FYI, Titanic was the story told from Rose's perspective, not Jack's as it says in the transcript above.
bark » And it goes on — February 28, 2011
[...] I’d forgotten about this by the time the awards started, however, since I couldn’t independently confirm or deny this, since I have seen so few of the films in question. But then I stumbled across the following video, which discusses the balance of male stories versus female stories in films receiving best picture awards. (Original link here.) [...]
Chlorine — February 28, 2011
Why is everyone pointing at history and insisting that's why we can't have female knights and stuff?
Hello! In fantasy films, we can accept elves, dwarves, dragons, and magic, but we can't accept female knights? And that's not even going into finding a COMPETENT female warrior who doesn't have inexplicable makeup and long hair and wears realistic armor.
How about sci-fi? We can accept aliens and pew pew lasers in space, but we can't accept an awesome female lead who pilots and ship and goes on adventures that have nothing to do with MENZ and FINDING LOVE.
Not every movie made ever is historically based. There is no logical reason at all why movies set in modern times, fantasy, or future cannot have spectacular female characters instead of just love interests and side characters who are there to sprain their ankles and/or die, all while having flowing blonde curls and "perfect" red lipstick.
IMO, I'd like to see more movies in which all the characters could be genderswapped and it wouldn't change the story whatsoever.
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Renee Martin — February 28, 2011
I really think the reduction of movies like Schlinder's List, In The Heat Of The Night and a Beautiful Mind to just stories about men is highly offensive. There are more sites of oppression than gender.
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