When considering which media text I wanted to analyze based on its ideology, I immediately thought about the unsettling yet intriguing relationship between the main characters in one of my favorite TV shows of all time: Mulder and Scully from The X-Files. About a year ago, I began watching the show when a friend bought the entire series on DVD. Despite the fact that I absolutely loved almost every episode, the story arc of these two main characters as co-workers and a couple reinforces tired gender roles.
The below clip is a climactic scene where Mulder and Scully argue about Scully leaving the X-Files in the 1998 film “The X-Files: Fight the Future.” I think this scene exemplifies their basic relationship, and is a good example of what I would like to analyze.
[youtube]https://youtu.be/esJNnh-d2E0[/youtube]
What I like about Scully is that she is intelligent, scientific, and witty. She joins up with Mulder to be the counterpart to his obsessive interest in the paranormal. Since Scully is the fact-spouting hard ass of the two, one might think the character is breaking stereotypes. Unfortunately, she is only obscuring them.
Scully plays a traditional mother figure to Mulder more so than his love interest. She continually questions her work in the FBI duo, but she stays because Mulder needs her. In her, he has found someone who tries to understand his work, someone to care for him, and someone to love him unconditionally. The few times that she has an interest in other men is when she is trying to get over Mulder or get back at him.
Throughout the series, the fact that Mulder is a “typical bachelor” is driven home. He’s quirky and boyish. He never cooks, he’s obsessed with baseball and porn, he can’t keep house, and he usually just sleeps on his couch. Scully is seemingly unconcerned by all this. She laughs it off when he flirts with other women, she rolls her eyes at his housekeeping, and she is always there whenever Mulder decides he needs her.
The video above is an example of a sort of backwards rationale. Yes Mulder is thanking Scully for being there for him, but he’s also pleading with her to continue to deprive her own happiness. Though the scene directly references her giving up her own interests to be with him, it also romanticizes the concept of a woman selflessly caring for her man. The scene resonates with his emotional “thank you” and begs the viewer and Scully to come to his rescue. It reinforces the idea that in order for a woman to be perfect for a man, she must be willing to do anything for him at all costs and should never as for anything in return. If he so much as thanks her for years of servitude, then he’s the knight in shining armor. Read it as: The perfect women are level-headed and enjoy cleaning up the messes that their boy-in-a-man’s-body significant others create without any appreciation.
I think the X-Files is a good example of a show that manages to skirt the issue of gender roles by throwing a few curve balls. In reality though, it’s just more of the same.
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Sarah Mick is a student at the University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. She is currently double majoring in graphic design and media studies. She enjoys playing music, writing, and consuming media of various sorts in her spare time. I found her post here, where students in a Principles of Media Studies class are posting their insights. Special thanks to the instructor, Michael Newman, for facilitating the blog and allowing all of us to enjoy it!
If you would like to write a post for Sociological Images, please see our Guidelines for Guest Bloggers.
Lisa Wade, PhD is an Associate Professor at Tulane University. She is the author of American Hookup, a book about college sexual culture; a textbook about gender; and a forthcoming introductory text: Terrible Magnificent Sociology. You can follow her on Twitter and Instagram.
Comments 16
hexy — April 2, 2009
Just so you know, you've used a US-only video source.
Anonymous — April 2, 2009
Interestingly, the second film was focused more on Scully, and her renewed dedication to her own work; people said "it wasn't X-Files enough".
ElleDee — April 2, 2009
Huh. I like The X-Files, but you're right that their relationship is a slightly improved version of everyone's "favorite" sit com stereotypes: man that won't grow up, but is likable and his put-together, kill joy woman.
Sarah — April 2, 2009
Thanks for the info. Sorry for the US only Hulu.com video...didn't see that particular clip elsewhere.
Yeah, I love the X-Files as well, their relationship always bugged me though.
Lance — April 2, 2009
I adore the X-Files, and there's much in the gender roles to like; as Sarah says, Scully is a singularly strong character. But Sarah is very much right that there's a lot there that's still flawed. One thing she doesn't touch on, and I'll admit this is impressionistic but I think collecting the data would bear this out, is the fact that Mulder saves Scully from life-threatening situations far more often than the reverse.
Anonymous Coward — April 2, 2009
S.I. USA-centrism strikes again.
Anonymous Coward — April 2, 2009
I like this blog, it's on my daily reading list.
However, it is ironic that a blog dealing with concepts of oppression regularly engages in unthinking USA-centrism.
I could rant on about cultural imperialism or some such thing, but I believe I have made my point.
Lisa Wade, PhD — April 2, 2009
Sorry to all our non-U.S. readers! If anyone can find the clip elsewhere, please let us know and we'll fix it right away.
Gender Roles? — April 2, 2009
The term "gender roles" is beyond problematic. Hasn't this been addressed in the literature over and over since maybe the mid 70s - by Thorne, Connell, and others? Using that term detracts from the credibility of the blog post.
Anonymous Coward — April 2, 2009
Hi Lisa,
This isn't about this specific video - thank you for offering to find another version of it.
It's about seemingly unaware (and I stress seemingly) posting of content that is by the USA for the USA.
My perception is that an USA-centric (which does not acknowledge it self as such) post appears at least several times a month and has been going on as long as I've been reading this blog.
I believe it is an important issue to raise awareness about in a blog which focuses on media, because the USA are a major exporter of media and to ignore this bias is not to acknowledge the whole picture.
We've previously had discussion about "not safe for work" meaning different things in different countries/communities.
We've also had discussions about the overwhelmingly large number of stories based on info-graphics that are firmly situated in the USA.
What I want to happen is an acknowledgment of this by the editors of this blog, in an ongoing way, and not in reaction to comments like this.
Does this issue raise harder questions about how to act when one is in the position of privilege and power in one context, but in another context is marginalized.
I don't have any answers - but I can't stay silent either.
I apologise for the strident tone in the previous posts - I'm posting this in an attempt to make my anger and frustration be understood.
sarah — April 2, 2009
@gender roles? - Thanks for the response. I wasn't aware of the issue with the specific term, but your comment has opened my eyes to some much needed research on my part. Even a brief internet search turned up some interesting reading on the subject. Adding several books to my reading list.
Feminist Tweets! « This is What a Feminist Blogs Like — April 2, 2009
[...] Gender roles in the X-Files thesocietypages.org/socimages/2009/04/02/guest-post-you-kept-me-honest-gender-roles-in-the-x-files/ [...]
L — April 3, 2009
The few times that she has an interest in other men is when she is trying to get over Mulder or get back at him.
And in at least one of these instances, she is physically punished (by the writers) for seeking out another man. In "Never Again", Scully meets a man who's just gotten a tattoo of a pin-up girl (for lack of a better term). The ink used in the tattoo gives him hallucinations that the tattoo is talking to him -- she's jealous of his interest in Scully. The tattoo makes him try to kill Scully. That's one of the last times in the early seasons that we see Scully attempt to initiate a romantic involvement with someone other than Mulder.
Sarah — April 3, 2009
Nice contribution "L" That episode stuck out in my mind when I made that statement. One of the worst/most ridiculous episodes in my opinion.
Lisa — April 5, 2009
I think that these boy/mom relationships lead back to solo mothers.
As more children are raised by single mothers, the more this myth will be perpetuated because it will be the only way that men and women have been taught to relate to one another.
Dually-parented kids will likely marry other dually-parented kids, thus, perpetuating the "normal" relationships.
Single-parented kids will likely marry other single-parented kids, thus, perpetuating "mom/boy" relationships.
When there is cross-over between single- and dual-parented kids, it would be interesting to see how that plays out ...
Worth a study!
Sarit — April 6, 2009
Hi Sarah,
I've been a die-hard fan of the show since I was a kid (24 now :).
Reading this article really shook the way I perceived the relationship. I always considered Scully being the strong one, but never realized just what it obscured. Breaks my heart a little, because Scully was an amazing role model for me growing up.
No doubt, though, that the second film dealt with the issue, and I liked Scully there just as much if not even more.