Recently Lisa posted some photos of what resource extraction looks like. I thought I would show a different side of this phenomenon: what an oil bust looks like. I grew up in the Middle of Nowhere, Oklahoma. The area has been through two oil booms, one in the 1920s and one in the 60s through the 80s.
But with any energy boom eventually comes the energy bust. I took some photos I took showing what communities looks like if their economy is disproportionately based on oil and the oil companies leave, which were reproduced at Business Insider.
Oil wells that have never been installed sit around on empty lots, slowly rusting. Many oil wells that were in use at one time now sit motionless. Because of high oil prices in the last few years, some oil wells have been put back in production; it’s the first time since I was a kid that you can look across pastures and see many of the oil wells actually pumping. Pipes crisscross the landscape, often slowly tumbling downhill from lack of maintenance. When they get old and rusty enough they start breaking apart, leaving jagged edges that occasionally lead to trips to the doctor for a tetanus shot. An old storage tank, long past any usefulness, slowly rusts.
In an energy bust, real estate prices plummet. If there aren’t many other industries in the area, there’s no way to attract buyers, and houses flood the market as people move looking for work. Houses, many of them perfectly serviceable, slowly decay from lack of upkeep. Families that became wealthy from oil lose their fortunes. The house below was owned by a family that became wealthy from the 1920s oil boom. When that oil bust hit, they lost everything. Their house sits far out in the country and slowly crumbles. Downtowns die and the buildings sit empty and deteriorate over time. Towns don’t have enough children to run independent schools, so rural school districts consolidate. This school was sold off and a local resident told me that it has been, at various times, a bed and breakfast, internet cafe, and beer-only bar, between bouts of sitting empty.
Ponca City is centered around the Continental refinery plant. Continental was owned by Conoco until 1984. There used to be a significant Conoco presence in the town, and as with Bartlesville, it has faced hard times since the Conoco-Phillips headquarters moved to Houston. Some neighborhoods were polluted by the refinery, leading the company to buy out homeowners and tear down the houses (some owned by private individuals, others by the Ponca tribe). In one area where this occurred, the land is now a park. Local residents have heard that Conoco is planning to tear down a lot of its old administrative buildings so it doesn’t have to pay insurance or maintenance costs, meaning there will be even more large swaths of empty land scattered around the city.
There’s nothing exceptional about the experience of these communities. They simply represent a story played out in many towns as oil booms fade and corporations move their headquarters to larger cities. Now, as the Keystone XL pipeline project goes forward, many such communities gear up for their next ride on the energy roller coaster.
Gwen Sharp is an associate professor of sociology at Nevada State College. You can follow her on Twitter at @gwensharpnv.
Comments 21
Heather Leila — January 1, 2009
This is really amazing. I'm fascinating by abandoned buildings that represent a time that's since moved on. New Orleans has a lot of impressive buildings that remind us that it was once a very wealthy and important city in America- and now it is not. But I like the theme of this photo-essay; what happens when something busts. Conoco-Philips is doing just fine in Louisiana, by the way. For now.
more pictures of abandoned buildings: http://heatherleila3.blogspot.com/search/label/architecture
News Elf — January 2, 2009
All of the image links are "moved or deleted" for me. :/
Gwen Sharp, PhD — January 2, 2009
Sorry about that, News Elf! Should be fixed now.
Chris Uggen — January 2, 2009
terrific photos, gwen -- really evocative.
thewhatifgirl — January 2, 2009
I was in Red Fork recently and saw a building that looked like your eleventh picture down. There were still buildings on either side of it that looked pretty rundown but had businesses of some kind in them. It fascinated me, partially probably because in the places where I grew up, there were far, far fewer rundown, leftover buildings like this. I especially love the old Osage family house. Wish I could find someone here to go exploring with me!
acolyte — January 2, 2009
So now we know what happens when a town depends on an finite supply of anything as it's life blood. Sooner or later it has to end and if there is no back up plan, there goes the town.
Notional Slurry » links for 2009-01-03 — January 4, 2009
[...] Sociological Images » AFTER THE OIL BOOM: IMAGES OF AN OIL BUST Consider replacing "oil" with "auto". [...]
Ryan — January 6, 2009
These pictures stuck with me all day yesterday. And last night I had a dream about going back to my old home town which experienced a similar boom and bust (in this case the gold boom of the late 80s in Northern Nevada) and wandered around the dilapidated downtown area. Great post!
Jo — January 7, 2009
Yep, collapsed economies are quite sad. We must at least legislate for companies to clear up their scrap and demolish or at least give the buildings and land away.
The town didn't raise vacant land taxes?
Sha — January 7, 2009
thewhatifgirl: Wow, I think I know which building you're talking about. I would have never imagined seeing someone mention Red Fork on a blog.
easyVegan.info » Blog Archive » easyVegan Link Sanctuary, 2009-01-03 — January 10, 2009
[...] Sociological Images: AFTER THE OIL BOOM: IMAGES OF AN OIL BUST [...]
What does Green Mean? » Ongoing Investigation — March 11, 2009
[...] more pictures here of what happens to a place when a boom goes bust, especially one based on oil production. The [...]
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Bliss & Blush — June 14, 2009
Some of your information is wrong. We bought the old school in Burbank as residence and to save it. After living in New Orleans for over 11 years I have a great love of old buildings. At the urging of locals we opened it as a bed & breakfast, internet cafe, cafe & bar (beer only) for a short time only, and mostly so that the residents here would have someplace local to go. The county here is beautiful and history facinating.
Modern Goldmining » Sociological Images — January 28, 2010
[...] also our posts on post-oil boom life and gorgeous photos of resource extraction by Edward Burtynsky. Leave a Comment Tags: [...]
Sara — March 22, 2010
In Oklahoma there is an organization called the Oklahoma Energy Resources Board (OERB). The OERB was established in the mid 1990's to restore abandoned oil/natural gas well sites free to the land owner. This program is 100% paid by the producers and royalty owners of Oklahoma. The OERB has restored over 10,000 sites and is always looking for more. If you know of any sites, please submit them via our website: oerb.com. By statute we can only restore sites where there is no longer a responsible party. I can't make you any promises that we can clean them up, but we will if we can.
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Cody — April 6, 2011
Great pics. I know where a few of them are actually. The old church and bank are down the road from my Mom's house and the old school where my great grandpa and grandpa went, and I attended back in the early to mid 90's. Good Ole Burbank.
DrDave8563 — January 2, 2013
Dr. Sharp, this is really a very distorted image of an area, tied to a specific industry, simply based on a few very selective photographs, without any of the real historical or current facts one would expect from a practicing sociologist. I suppose you're trying to make some sort of political or economic or personal statement with this story you're telling, but you are doing a great disservice to anyone seeing this attempt at photojournalism or photo-sociology or whatever it attempts to be.
First, oil has never been the only industry in that area. Cattle and cement (based on the plentiful supply of limestone) are two other major industries from that area, along with the many farm crops grown there. The cement industry ran it's course in the mid- to late-1970s, but cattle, crops, and the oil industry continue. Conoco-Phillips has not abandoned the area, and in fact has increased investment in many respects in Bartlesville in the plastics and petroleum research areas and still maintains a large operations presence in downtown Bartlesville. I'm not associated with either company, although I am a shareholder in both and my father worked for Phillips 66 for 37 years and my grandmother worked for them for over 30 years. A sociologist might have at least looked at the current company annual reports, though.
Bartlesville and Dewey, my hometown, appear to me to be as thriving as they ever did during the heydays of Phillips 66 and Cities Service (now CITGO) both being headquartered in Bartlesville. Population seems to have grown, downtowns seem vibrant and alive with new businesses and activities, and I'm amazed every time I go home to visit how much the area has grown. A sociologist might have interviewed people who lived through the entire period being discussed, people who have lived there over different periods of time, people of different cultures, ranchers, local oilmen, cattlemen, farmers, residents, and others, to get their perspectives on what has, and what hasn't, changed.
It's easy to find pictures of old pumps for wells that have run dry. Did you take any pictures of the thousands of pumps that are still pumping oil every day and paying handsome royalties to the owners of the land they sit on? Pictures of old rusty pipes rolling down a hill and dented old rusty oil storage tanks in a field - easy to find, and have been for 50 years or more. What about pictures of pipes running to an old storage tank still being used to hold oil from a working pump? Pictures of graveyards of unused or worn-out equipment? You can find those all over oil country - the supplier bets on the need for 200 and only 190 are really needed. It happens.
I guess my point here is this isn't sociology. Sociology has to have some sort of structure, regardless of the form you follow - Kant, Durkheim, Parsons, Giddens, or whomever. It is a science, not some self-centric viewpoint. It can be a slice of society, horizontal or vertical, I suppose, but it has to be an entire slice, not just selected pieces here and there through a few select photographs. Maybe I'm reading more into this than you intended. I'm certainly not a sociologist, and would never pretend to be. I am a social scientist, though, and do understand a little about the thoroughness required of scholarly research and the presentation of same.
This seems to be an attempt to show a single industry, the oil industry, as one that comes into a town, picks it dry, then abandons it, leaving behind a rusting, empty shell of poor, unemployed, shattered, people. Some towns will end up that way, whether the oil industry ever comes there or not. Many towns won't. It depends on the people, and I would hope sociology would be able to describe the difference between people in the towns that survive and those that don't. I'm only commenting now because this was brought to my attention by a Facebook site telling the story of Bartlesville (Lost Bartlesville) through the years.
Anyway, just my two cents.
Dr. David Hatfield
SGM, U.S. Army (Retired)
Severn, Maryland
Native Son of Dewey, OK
Robert — January 4, 2013
I love fiction writers. They don't tell the whole truth and lead people on thinking that they are telling how it is. Sounds like you did some work for our people in Washington causing a stir without helping with the truth. I lived in Enid for 25+ years and in that span worked for over 7 companies that no longer are in business. None of those were oil related. Since I moved to Bartlesville in 2002, I not only found jobs but in 2009 opened my own business and am thriving very well thank you. My father-in-law worked for Phillips 66 for 34+ years and I know a lot of people that work for them also. As for the move to Houston, at least they stayed in the USA. How many large companies have moved some of their headquarters or production overseas? Conoco-Phillips has done a lot for Ponca City, Bartlesville and other towns and will continue, in my estimation, for a long time. Businesses grow or redirect themselves to the everyday affairs. With the drought that Oklahoma is seeing right now, it wouldn't surprise me if your next article is about the dust bowl days and how it's affecting Oklahoma today and you only look at the negative side. Get your facts together and help instead of causing disruption by writing fiction.
dwills — May 5, 2013
So you went to a place that still has 35,000 people living in it, took a picture of some abandoned pumpjacks, and then called it some sort of crisis? Then went to another place, that still has 25,000 people living in it, took some pictures of a couple abandoned buildings, and misleadingly make a case against the Keystone XL pipeline because there exists an "energy rollercoaster"? DrDave8563 pretty much knows all the facts and lays it out pretty well; although I would go further and say that this is garbage. It would have been a better, although heavily biased photo-essay if you had just left out all the furtive glancing at the oil and gas industry, as if it were some town-destroying boogeyman. The fact is every single town has abandoned buildings in it and many rural areas are losing population and money for reasons that have nothing to do with oil and gas. I point out the populations of the two "towns" with a laugh because there are towns with a population of 1,000 where people start to worry if one or two families move and take their kids out of school there.
I could go out today and take ten pictures in Central Austin, in one of the fastest growing and most prosperous metropolitan areas and make it look like it was an abandoned slum. Population, demographic, or economic data? Forget that! Once all those fair trade coffee shops came in, it was all over.