Jeff Jarvis wrote a critique of having multiple identities on social media (find the post on his blog – though, I found it via Owni.eu). While acknowledging that anonymity has enabled WikiLeaks or protestors of repressive regimes, he finds little utility for not being honest on social media about yourself. Jarvis argues against having multiple identities, e.g., one Twitter account for work and another for friends or a real Facebook for one group and a fakebook (a Facebook profile with a false name) for another.
Jarvis argues that the problems associated with presenting yourself in front of multiple groups of people (say, your mother, boss, best friend, recent fling, etc) will fade away under a state of “mutually assured humiliation.” Since we will all have the embarrassment of presenting a self to multiple groups, we all will forgive each other so that others will return the same favor to us. “The best solution”, Jarvis argues, “is to be yourself. If that makes you uneasy, talk to your shrink.” This is reminiscent of Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg who stated “having two identities for yourself is an example of a lack of integrity,” or current Google CEO Eric Schmidt who said that “if you have something that you don’t want anyone to know, maybe you shouldn’t be doing it in the first place.”
The obvious problem with this line of thinking is that the problems associated with displaying a single self in front of multiple populations is not “mutually” the same for all. Just as WikiLeaks or protestors often use anonymity to counter repressive and/or powerful regimes, we know that anonymity is also used by the most vulnerable and least powerful on the personal level as well. Jarvis misses the important variables of power and inequalities in his analysis.
Having a stigmatized and not always accepted identity can bring much conflict and pain if one displays the same to everyone. Fellow Cyborgology editor PJ Rey makes this point powerfully when he asks, “Have We Built a Society without Closets?” Take, for example, a gay teenager who cannot display their “real” self without fear of being financially and emotionally undermined by their parents. Or the woman who wrote an open letter to Google after the introduction of their Buzz service made her most frequent email contacts publically known which jeopardized her physical safety because of an abusive ex.
It is easy to argue for people to be “real” when their “real” identity is widely accepted. As danah boyd stated, “Zuckerberg and gang may think that they know what’s best for society, for individuals, but I violently disagree. I think that they know what’s best for the privileged class.” It is easy to argue that the stigmas associated with presenting yourself to different populations will erode, but the important question is eroding for whom? Stigma will not erode for everyone the same, a point I previously made about “Facebook skeletons,” arguing that embarrassing bits of your social media presence are forgiven faster for men than women.
This issue will be the topic of two of my forthcoming posts here on Cyborgology. One on inauthenticity and the Fakebook and another on this reoccurring privileging of some “real” or true authentic self. I found this same issue when critiquing cyborg-anthropologist Amber Case and again here in the line of thinking Zuckerberg, Schmidt and Jarvis promote that serves to take down the door to closets so important for both self-protection as well as identity play. Stay tuned for a Foucauldian critique that acknowledges the highly limiting nature of this obsession of some fictional “true” self at the expense of identity play both on and offline. The norm that needs changing is not for people to stop playing with identity, as Jarvis argues, but for that playfulness to be better accepted and promoted.
Comments 20
replqwtil — March 25, 2011
I couldn't agree more. The entire concept of "having nothing to hide" seems so deeply rooted in that exact privileging of ones identity as the norm. It completely ignores the reality of marginalized peoples (no surprise there I suppose...), while at the same time robbing even from the privileged the right of self-determination that comes with deciding for ourselves where we choose to place our boundary between internal and external. The right to construct our own social spaces seems like something which shouldn't be abandoned lightly...
Jenny Davis — March 25, 2011
Love this post!! My presentation at the ttw conference has a lot to do with this. I will be talking about how social actors manipulate the physical architecture(s) of Facebook to circumvent the norm of open access, and large, undifferentiated networks.
nathanjurgenson — March 25, 2011
thanks! and, Jenny, looking forward to your presentation at Theorizing the Web next month!
Evan — March 25, 2011
Is it possible that this is another boundary from humanities worldview that the internet will help us (slowly and painfully) shed? Like the idea that certain people have a "place" in society.
What I mean is - we have adapted to our social environment by wearing "Masks" or identities depending on the situation. I'm fairly certain that the age we begin to do this is well documented.
We wear these masks because of our fear of the lack of tolerance or reprisal from others, which is often justified. In many places it's dangerous to be yourself.
In a world were literally every point of view, in disturbing and diverse detail, exist at our fingertips, can we aspire to a world where that fear doesn't need to exist? A world I can be accepted for my whole self, even if you disagree or find my perspective unsavory?
The Personal Responsibility angle is that you will have to look at your own actions too - maybe you rethink your perspectives. Or maybe you don't.
Caring about a person when you know their favorite type of sheep/latex/balloon/fecal porn - That's Tolerance - If we can get there, humans will truly be free.
The only way I know to make that world is to start living in it now to the best of my ability.
Myth — March 28, 2011
I completely agree with this. Jarvis sounds a bit ignorant and arrogant, not to mention incredibly optimistic about how people judge people. He seems to believe we live in a perfect world; where everyone is open minded, compassionate, tolerant, and forgiving. Geez, I'd like to have his perfect little life and as a completely acceptable straight, white, male.
Besides that, we're not really doing something that different from what we do in real life anyway. I act differently around my friends, family, teachers and bosses. Different groups and social situations call for people to behave, dress and act accordingly. For most people it's unusual to have your boss, family and friends all in the same place and social situation. The only time I can think of that happening is at weddings.
Art by Elizabeth Boylan » Blog Archive » Do Multiple Identities or Pseudonyms On-line Reflect a Lack of Integrity? — May 22, 2011
[...] that deal with the discussion supporting and against multiple or anonymous identities on-line. Nathan Jurgenson gives a perspective that supports the need of anonymity for minorities or for those of us who are [...]
LG — June 13, 2011
the absurd implication of this kind of thing is that there is something problematic-- something indicative of shame or secret bad behavior-- in being, and in wanting to be, differently intimate with different people on the basis of who those people are and in what relation they stand to us. one of the reasons that privacy is so important to human thriving is that we are each in a position to decide who we share our private lives with, and those judgments are highly sensitive to facts about who exactly any one person is, and who, thereby, they are to US. that's not a problem to be fixed, it's the very basis of social interaction. and this would be the case even if no one ever had to hide her sexuality for fear or repercussion, or did anything bad or shameful. even as fully integrated people with nothing to hide, we would still, i reckon, wish to be more intimate with those who shared our values more closely, and those who demonstrated certain sorts of capacities, dispositions and aptitudes. it's foundational to sociality, and any social media that maintains or contributes to the thriving of human sociality will foster rather than stymie our ability to distinguish and discern amongst people on that basis.
this post also brought to mind sherry turkle's short piece, 'we need to reclaim our private spaces', in discover:
"I grew up with grandparents whose families had fled from governments that spied on their citizens. My grandmother was proud to be in America, where things were different. Every morning we went together to the mailboxes of our apartment building. And on many days she would tell me, as if it had never come up before: 'In America, no one can look at your mail. It’s a federal offense.' For me, this civics lesson at the mailbox joined together privacy and civil liberties. I think of how different things are for today’s teenagers, who accommodate the idea that their e-mail might be scanned by school authorities. Not a few sum up their position by saying in one way or another, 'The way to deal is to just be good.'" http://discovermagazine.com/2010/oct/13-sherry-turkle-need-to-reclaim-private-spaces
privacy isn't just essential for people who do bad things-- it's a requirement for human thriving more generally. and without it not only are some of us left without protection from the bigoted judgment of others, but, in practice, a general conformity of opinion (or at least expression of opinion) is enforced.
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[...] Jeff Jarvis and Multiple Identities: A Critique [...]
The Rise of the Internet (Anti)-Intellectual? » Cyborgology — October 17, 2011
[...] privacy-publicity debate with very little focus on power and inequalities. For more on this point, see my previous critique of Jarvis for discussing these issues without taking on power. Surrendering important conversations to [...]
The Rise of the Internet (Anti)-Intellectual? » OWNI.eu, News, Augmented — October 19, 2011
[...] privacy-publicity debate with very little focus on power and inequalities. For more on this point, see my previous critique of Jarvis for discussing these issues without taking on power. Surrendering important conversations to [...]
Cyborgology One Year Anniversary » Cyborgology — October 26, 2011
[...] 8. Jeff Jarvis and Multiple Identities: A Critique [...]
Phoebe Thomasson — December 9, 2013
Wow. This conversation is really getting to the heart of the matter; that which makes us tick. I have to say that, in the spirit of elevating dualism into paradox both views are in essence correct. On the one hand it is important to postulate the imagined ideal; where we can go, how it would be good to be. Wouldn't it be great for all beings to feel safe and free, rendering the manifestation of 'identities' obsolete. Indeed without idealism we wouldn't evolve.
The paradox and resulting tension formed by creating ideals is that it throws into sharp focus the actual reality. All of this having been said already, I am merely suggesting that embracing both views at once (in this and any polarity of viewpoints) is precisely the type of non-dualistic thinking that will render the 'solutions' visable.
Whilst we stand upon one shore alone we will never straddle the ocean
In a nut shell, the creation of, and embracing of multiple identities is precisely the kind of 'play' the fractured psyche needs to RESTORE INHERENT WHOLENESS. Therefore, rather than debating the rightness or wrongness of the phenomenon, we take a broader stance of 'wow, this is what humans do when presented with the opportunity 'to do so'...then observe the results.
Having multiple online identities? Good or bad? | rochelle — December 1, 2014
[…] (2011). Jeff Jarvis and Multiple Identities: A Critique. The Society Pages. Available at: http://thesocietypages.org/cyborgology/2011/03/25/jeff-jarvis-and-multiple-identities-a-critique/ [Accessed: 1st December […]