Cross-posted at Tim Wise’s website and Pacific Standard.
As the nation weeps for the victims of the horrific bombing in Boston yesterday, one searches for lessons amid the carnage, and finds few. That violence is unacceptable stands out as one, sure. That hatred — for humanity, for life, or whatever else might have animated the bomber or bombers — is never the source of constructive human action seems like a reasonably close second.
But I dare say there is more; a much less obvious and far more uncomfortable lesson, which many are loathe to learn, but which an event such as this makes readily apparent, and which we must acknowledge, no matter how painful.
It is a lesson about race, about whiteness, and specifically, about white privilege.
I know you don’t want to hear it. But I don’t much care. So here goes.
White privilege is knowing that even if the Boston Marathon bomber turns out to be white, his or her identity will not result in persons like yourself being singled out for suspicion by law enforcement, or the TSA, or the FBI.
White privilege is knowing that even if the bomber turns out to be white, no one will call for your group to be profiled as terrorists as a result, subjected to special screening, or threatened with deportation.
White privilege is knowing that if the bomber turns out to be white, he or she will be viewed as an exception to an otherwise non-white rule, an aberration, an anomaly, and that he or she will be able to join the ranks of Tim McVeigh and Terry Nichols and Ted Kaczynski and Eric Rudolph and Joe Stack and George Metesky and Byron De La Beckwith and Bobby Frank Cherry and Thomas Blanton and Herman Frank Cash and Robert Chambliss and James von Brunn and Robert Mathews and David_Lane and Michael F. Griffin and Paul Hill and John Salvi and James Kopp and Luke Helder and James David Adkisson and Scott Roeder and Shelley Shannon and Wade Michael Page and Byron Williams and Kevin Harpham and William Krar and Judith Bruey and Edward Feltus and Raymond Kirk Dillard and Adam Lynn Cunningham and Bonnell Hughes and Randall Garrett Cole and James Ray McElroy and Michael Gorbey and Daniel Cowart and Paul Schlesselman and Frederick Thomas and Paul Ross Evans and Matt Goldsby and Jimmy Simmons and Kathy Simmons and Kaye Wiggins and Patricia Hughes and Jeremy Dunahoe and David McMenemy and Bobby Joe Rogers and Francis Grady and Demetrius Van Crocker and Floyd Raymond Looker, among the pantheon of white people who engage in politically motivated violence meant to terrorize and kill, but whose actions result in the assumption of absolutely nothing about white people generally, or white Christians in particular.
And white privilege is being able to know nothing about the crimes committed by most of the terrorists listed above — indeed, never to have so much as heard most of their names — let alone to make assumptions about the role that their racial or ethnic identity may have played in their crimes.
White privilege is knowing that if the Boston bomber turns out to be white, you will not be asked to denounce him or her, so as to prove your own loyalties to the common national good. It is knowing that the next time a cop sees you standing on the sidewalk cheering on runners in a marathon, that cop will say exactly nothing to you as a result.
White privilege is knowing that if you are a student from Nebraska — as opposed to, say, a student from Saudi Arabia — that no one, and I mean no one would think it important to detain and question you in the wake of a bombing such as the one at the Boston Marathon.
And white privilege is knowing that if this bomber turns out to be white, the United States government will not bomb whatever corn field or mountain town or stale suburb from which said bomber came, just to ensure that others like him or her don’t get any ideas. And if he turns out to be a member of the Irish Republican Army we won’t bomb Dublin. And if he’s an Italian American Catholic we won’t bomb the Vatican.
In short, white privilege is the thing that allows you — and me — to view tragic events like this as merely horrific, and from the perspective of pure and innocent victims, rather than having to wonder, and to look over one’s shoulder, and to ask even if only in hushed tones, whether those we pass on the street might think that somehow we were involved.
It is the source of our unearned innocence and the cause of others’ unjustified oppression.
That is all. And it matters.
Tim Wise is among the most prominent anti-racist writers and educators in the United States. The author of six books on race in America, he has spoken on over 800 college and high school campuses and to community groups across the nation. His new book, The Culture of Cruelty, will be released in the Fall of 2013.
Comments 87
soma — April 17, 2013
Thank you for pointing this out. It needs to be repeated over & over.
Unfiltered Truth — April 17, 2013
While I agree with the intent of this article, it is vastly oversimplifying the issue. We should always withhold judgements until all the facts are known. We should always treat each other with respect and dignity. We should not purposefully ignore apparent patterns and disregard history. The author has provided ample evidence of white terrorists in history, but recent history supports a trend of radical islamist militant attacks. The key words there are radical and militant.
The MO of the Boston bombings looks very much like a "homegrown" attack at this point. There is a very healthy chance that the perpetrator was white. If this becomes apparent in the coming days, I agree with the author in saying that he or she will be considered an anomaly. I disagree that saying as much is unfair to those who are currently profiled. Anyone who commits these types of terrorist attacks is an anomaly, regardless of race, creed, etc. The issue at hand is the sheer volume of these anomalous people that follow through with their plans. There are many militant white people in America, but the percentage of them that commit terrorist attacks is extremely low. The volume of militant Islamist attacks in the US and especially abroad shows a marked link between those that think/spout terrorist rhetoric and those that follow through with a (usually suicidal) attack.
Every stereotype has some truth at its' core.
John — April 17, 2013
Why don't you mention black and Asian mass murders like Jiverly Antares Wong (Vietnamese), Colin Ferguson (black), John Muhammad and Lee Malvo (black and Muslim), Chai Soua Vang (Laotian) and Seung-Hui Cho (Korean)? Maybe it doesn't fit your story. Hypocrite. Vietnamese people weren't sought out after Wong killed 14. Same with Laotian people after Vang and Korean people after Cho. Only be selectivity can you argue there is white privilege in this case. And if you don't think white people of certain political views aren't singled out, look how quickly the media and others blamed the tea party and right-wing talk radio for the Giffords shooting in Arizona.
Equality. — April 17, 2013
This is a little strange. Plenty of other races commit crimes without being labeled terrorists, the bomber would first have to be tied to an organization, not just a single act, to be labeled a terrorist in the first place. If that organization was the IRA, then yes I would be under more scrutiny because I am Irish. Terrorism is more then a single person acting out in violence, the reason that middle easterners were singled out before was because we were attacked by an actual terrorist organization.
Any group that can be distinguished as something other then completely average in every way can be singled out. Lets not forget all the white people that were singled out as communists for their own beliefs during The Cold War. We should be writing articles of how we all have things in common, and not alienating people and putting our differences as the centerfold.
Aurora Moore — April 17, 2013
I've
been thinking and talking about this a lot in the last few days,
especially the fear that the Muslim community has to endure, the way the
media was so quick to say "black or dark skinned male" and how fear and
racism are so quickly linked and deeply institutionalized. As someone
who works consciously to be anti-racist and has participated
meaningfully in many encounter group type workshops aimed at getting in
touch with my white privilege I honor where Wise is coming from.
And yet I find this article totally obnoxious. White privilege is as
structural and institutionalized a problem as racism, but the approach
is to individualize it. When Wise writes "I know you don’t want to hear
it. But I don’t much care. So here goes" he is marking the individual as
the problem, not the structural issues of history, economics and power
that create white privilege in the first place. Yes we need to all be
aware always... but as long as problems are constructed the way he
constructs them we will have violence and fear because what he's saying
is if your attention is on something else or you haven't thought about
this yet, you are doing it wrong. This frame is oppositional and isn't going to
move us forward. Fear and anxiety are at the root of violence and racism, and the ongoing reification of white privilege and individualization of it will only lead to more fear and anxiety. Yes, we white people are privileged in innumerable ways, but our individual psychology is as prone to fear and anxiety as any other human's. I get that Wise makes a living thinking and writing and talking about white privilege so it makes sense to get some buzz... but to what end?
JamesDubya — April 17, 2013
"I know you don’t want to hear it. But I don’t much care."
Translated: I'm one of these privileged, bitchy, whining evil white people. Now, I'm gonna use my white privilege to denounce the exact thing I'm ranting against.
Know that we've proven white privilege exists and how awesome it is, let's move on to Asian privilege!!
Alex — April 17, 2013
I'm from Boston, and I find the timing of this article to be inappropriate. A huge chunk of our city is still a crime scene, and there is literally still blood on the streets.
Since there is no evidence that the bombing was racially motivated, and there have been no reports of racially motivated backlash (profiling, yes, criminal acts, no), a discussion about racial privilege seems out of place and disrespectful so shortly after the attacks.
I think the topic is important, and discussing it in the context of the bombing could be useful. I would have liked to see a similar article on the blog a week or two from now. However, the aggressive tone of the this article seemed inappropriate (and counter productive, as rather than confronting people with their on prejudices it is more likely to make them defensive and unwilling to consider the points presented), and the timing felt opportunistic.
I'm disappointed that SocImages published this.
Umlud — April 18, 2013
More corroboration about the implication of describing the suspect as a "dark skinned male" (from 5:00):
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/21134540/vp/#51577002
YourName — April 18, 2013
Arabs are white, so I don't see the white privilage here. It is exactly white people, who are mostly blamed for terrorist attacks and there is a good reason why. If the terrorist was black I would have asked if he/she was a muslim. If a group of white people is blamed this is not racism(and it isn't), but if a group of black people' is blamed it is racism for you. This is a double standard and this examlpe is very good. Terrorists are usually white and muslim and this is what people imagine and still you talk about white privilage. Although it exists(but are white people the only ones to be blamed about it?), I don't think that terrorist attacks show this. What they show is that people are biased towards muslims. Religion and culture are not race or gender, it isn't something that a group of people can't control, it is smth they have chosen. Why should I be ok with every crazy thing some people decide to believe in? Not every culture is pink and it is not my fault.
Kaptain Standley — April 18, 2013
This was a government 'DRILL'. America is killing itself.
America news | Foreign Holidays — April 18, 2013
[...] But not everything was impressive for Americans. We still exhibited horrible racism that day, detaining the Saudi student. As much as it is a conversation we don’t want to have, it’s one that has been brought to startling light in this tragedy. I can’t put it in a better way than Socimages did, so instead of me saying more, here it is. [...]
asterios9 — April 18, 2013
This is a pretty solid indictment of many Americans' attitude towards Muslims in the post-9/11 era, but I'm not convinced that its says anything interesting about white privilege.
After all, your description of how we view white terror is exactly as it should be - no race or religion *should* be broadly implicated by the actions of a few. Rhetorically, it is strange to turn that around and make it a negative. If we view the world with a two-sided coin that has "racism" on one side and "white privilege" on the other, the latter term would seem to lose some of its usefulness.
White privilege seems useful when it points to the pervasive, tacit assumptions that benefit white people socially and economically. Phenomena that you can identify and say "you, reader, think this, and you don't even realize it, and (if you are white) you are gaining from it."
The tarring of Muslims with a broad brush seems like a much less subtle xenophobia and war rage, indulged by stupid people of all backgrounds. (I am reminded of the mentally ill Latina woman who pushed a Sikh gentleman onto the train tracks this year in NYC, because she "didn't like Muslims.") It's also fueled by religious chauvinism, as many Christians (and Jews) seem to think there is something fundamentally wrong with this other flavor of religion that has different leaders and different books.
Terrorism and Privilege: Tim Wise on the Power of Whitness - — April 18, 2013
[...] Note: This post originally appeared on Sociological Images, a Pacific Standard partner [...]
[links] Link salad is trying to catch the Devil’s herd, across these endless skies | jlake.com — April 18, 2013
[...] Terrorism and Privilege: Understanding the Power of Whiteness — White privilege is knowing that even if the Boston Marathon bomber turns out to be white, his or her identity will not result in persons like yourself being singled out for suspicion by law enforcement, or the TSA, or the FBI. [...]
Bleau Gumms — April 18, 2013
It's not white privilege. It's due to the fact that whites don't generally go around and bomb people. It's very rare.
Ashley — April 18, 2013
White privilege is using the term "you and me" and assuming that I, the reader, am a part of that collective.
Avi Marranazo — April 18, 2013
"White privilege" in a country built by and for White people? Heaven forbid. Do you think there's such a thing as Jewish privilege in Israel? Do you think Jewish Israelis will allow themselves to be displaced in the way European Americans are allowing our own displacement?
Privilege in the Aftermath of the Boston Marathon Bombing | Eunoic — April 18, 2013
[...] Images has an interesting post about the funny thing about that desire. Tim Wise breaks it down by dissecting White privilege. If [...]
Joeyman — April 18, 2013
This article is 100% on the money. 2 guys for kicked off a plane in Boston for speaking arabic to each other.
Boston, Race, Religion & Identity | sylvia in transit — April 19, 2013
[...] Sociological Images - TERRORISM AND PRIVILEGE: UNDERSTANDING THE POWER OF WHITENESS by Tim Wise [...]
mimimur — April 19, 2013
I'll never forget the first news coverange of the Norway massacre, where the culprits were assumed to be militant muslims. Racism decides what is structure and what is not, racism decides who is guilty regardless of what you know and racism, sexism and fascism killed over 70 people on that day alone. Still not enough of an alarm clock, so the deaths keep piling up.
Gman E. Willikers — April 19, 2013
We now know with certainty that the bombers were white. But they were also reportedly Islamic extremists. That's going to create problems for somebodies stereotype.
Greg Pitsch — April 19, 2013
This is the worst idea I've ever heard, because the guy isn't white, he looks like he is from Armenia. Plus George Zimmerman isn't white, he looked hispanic too me. You know the guy that shot and killed Trayvon Martin? (RIP) Or what about Christopher Dorner? Did that single out other Americans who segregate themselves?
MoscowLanny — April 19, 2013
This graph shown above is a little misleading. It counts "terrorist
incidents", but not terrorist killings, and there is a HUGE difference
between the two. A terrorist incident can be an animal rights group damaging a lab, or a neo-nazi painting swastikas on a synagogue. While wrong, those "incidents" aren't deadly. Of the 12,000 murders in the world in 2011, Sunni
Muslim extremists committed 70% of them (see link below).
When it
comes to blood and carnage, the Muslim community has the world beat big
time. The graph above is right though in that right and left wing extremists have Islamic extremists beat in throwing petty fits and destroying property.
http://cnsnews.com/news/article/sunni-muslim-extremists-committed-70-terrorist-murders-2011
Umlud — April 19, 2013
And before we start trying to demonize all Muslims, let's remember a few points that were posted recently on The Dish:
And before we start trying to dredge up half-remembered tidbits about Chechnya, let's remember a few points about how these two brothers aren't representative of Chechens in general, either:
There's more to the comment at The Dish. Facts that show how people are different from our stereotypes make it difficult to classify and organize our thoughts, especially around tragedy. However, we shouldn't allow ourselves to be so complacent as to just lump groups of people (more than 1 billion in the case of Muslims) who happen to not be the majority here in the US. (And - to people who share a mentality on this topic as some of my friends - no, the argument of, "But they do it to us," wasn't valid when we were in kindergarten; it's not valid here, either.)
James — April 19, 2013
It's interesting to think about whether or not eastern europeans will be considered 'white' enough to dodge racial/ethnic backlash for these events, or what role this will have in determining U.S. foreign policy towards Chechnya and Russia.
Lisa — April 19, 2013
One of the things that really amazes me is that when this tragedy happened my first thought was muslim terrorists, followed very closely, by nah, more likely home grown terrorist white guy.
I understand where the muslim terrorist; they believe they're at war.
Anton Feichtmeir — April 19, 2013
I'd like to point out that the terrorists responsible for Monday's bombing are WHITE. That's right, they are Chechen's and Chechens are a white skinned, CAUCASIAN PEOPLE. Stop confusing religion with race!
White Power — April 19, 2013
Would you stupid fucking liberals cut the white guilt white privilege bullshit? You all are fucking retarded.
Lesley — April 20, 2013
I agree with the premise of the article wholeheartedly, but when you make the Vatican comment you seem to imply that we'd bomb Mecca if provoked by Muslims. This doesn't compute. The September 11th attacks were perpetrated mostly by Saudis, but we haven't bombed Mecca (or anywhere else in Saudi) yet.
Matthew Brady Culpepper — April 20, 2013
Yo! Tim Wise, did you steal parts of this from David Sirota or was it the other way around??
http://www.salon.com/2013/04/16/lets_hope_the_boston_marathon_bomber_is_a_white_american/
ViktorNN — April 21, 2013
Reading anything by Tim Wise - or pretty much anyone who bases their "theory" on unverifiable mushy concepts like "whiteness" and "white privilege" - is like reading extracts from some modern day version of Mein Kampf.
It's a lot of sophistry meant to not so cleverly dress up Wise's anti-white hatred. His name literally makes me nauseated.
Umlud — May 9, 2013
... and in the aftermath of the rescue of the three kidnapped women, city prosecutor, Victor Perez, felt it necessary to say that the actions of Castro were not at all consonant with the Puerto Rican community (or of Puerto Ricans themselves).
www.npr.org/blogs/codeswitch/2013/05/09/181665776/on-behalf-of-blank-people-everywhere
Strange, I don't remember having major press events following the Oklahoma City bombing that assured people that the actions of McVeigh had nothing to do with the values of the White community (or of White Americans themselves).
[sarcasm]Gee... I wonder why no White people felt the need to assure America why White people weren't all like McVeigh.[/sarcasm]
White (and Christian - in the case of the Boston bombers) get a pass. Everyone else has to rush around and assure all the panicky people that their (racial, ethnic, or religious) group isn't like the extremists who don't actually represent the group.
Je ergernissen van vandaag - deel 34 - Pagina 186 — July 17, 2013
[...] deed me hieraan denken. En dan specifiek: "White privilege is knowing that if the Boston bomber turns out to [...]