Cross-posted at Montclair SocioBlog.
Liberal women want more sex.
Controversial sociologist Mark Regnerus has been fooling around with the New Family Structures Survey. Back in June, Regnerus used the NFSS data to conclude that gay parents are bad for children. Now, he runs the regressions and finds that liberalism leaves women sexually dissatisfied.
Question:“Are you content with the amount of sex you’re having?”
The possible answers:
- Yes
- No, I’d prefer more
- No, I’d prefer less
The differences were clear.
Those liberal women, they try and they try and they try; they can’t get no… satisfaction. Hey, hey, hey — that’s what they say.
The differences held even with controls for how much sex the woman had had recently. Nor did adding other possible explanatory variables dampen the effect:
[T]he measure of political liberalism remains significantly associated with the odds of wanting more sex even after controlling for the frequency of actual intercourse over the past two weeks, their age, marital status, education level, whether they’ve masturbated recently, their anxiety level, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, depressive symptoms, and porn use.
Regnerus says he was puzzled and asked an economist friend for her explanation. She, like Regnerus, is a serious Christian, and saw it as a matter of seeking “transcendence.” Liberal women want to have more sex because they feel the lack of sufficient transcendence in life and seek it in sex. Conservative women find transcendence in the seemingly mundane — “sanctifying daily life” — so they do not need sex for transcendence. Or as Regnerus puts it, “Basically, liberal women substitute sex for religion.”
To test this idea, Regnerus controlled for religious attendance. When he did, “political liberalism finally went silent as a predictor.” Churchgoing liberals were no more insatiable than were their sexually content conservative co-worshipers.
So here’s the scenario. All women want transcendence. Since liberal women are not religious, they seek transcendence in sex and don’t find it. They’re dissatisfied, but they cling to the idea that sex will bring them transcendence if only they have more of it. So they keep looking for transcendence in all the wrong places. Conservative women seek transcendence in religion and in everyday activities. And that works.
Conclusion: Religion is deeply satisfying; sex, not so much.
This explanation, with its attribution of psychological-spiritual longing, makes some huge assumptions about what’s going on inside women’s heads.
I can offer a contrasting sociological explanation for Regnerus’ findings. It looks not to deep inner longings for transcendence but to social norms, beliefs, and values. It rests on the assumption that people’s desires are shaped by external forces, especially the culture of the social world they live in. In some groups, sex for women is good, so it’s OK for them to want more sex. In other social worlds, sex for women has a lower place on the scale of values. It is less of a “focal concern.”
These differences make for differences in who is content with what — a liberal, East Coast man and a WASP woman from the Midwest, for example:
Can we really say that the difference here is about spiritual transcendence?
In some social worlds, a woman can never be too thin or too rich. In those worlds, women diet and exercise in a way we might find obsessive. But that’s what their culture rewards. Some cultures hold that sex is a good thing — certainly more pleasurable than dieting and exercising — therefore, more is better. In some social worlds, that’s the way some people feel about money. Are these desires really about transcendence, or they about cultural values?
Oh, and on the sexual discontent matter, there are two other possibilities that may not to have occurred to Regnerus: (1) maybe conservative men are better lovers; they satisfy their conservative bedmates in ways liberals can only dream of. Or (2) conservative men are so bad at sex that when you ask their partners if they want more, the answer is, “No thanks.”
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Jay Livingston is the chair of the Sociology Department at Montclair State University. You can follow him at Montclair SocioBlog or on Twitter.
Jay Livingston is the chair of the Sociology Department at Montclair State University. You can follow him at Montclair SocioBlog or on Twitter.
Comments 42
Ericalas — December 6, 2012
I did not like the authors use of the phrase "serious Christian" to describe the type of Christian depicted here. I believe "conservative Christian" or "fundamentalist
Christian" would have perhaps been a better choice, that is if those terms apply to the people described. I consider myself a "serious Christian" I am serious about my beliefs, they are important to me, hence "serious". However I don't believe that having a full spiritual life will allow you to transcend out of sexual desire. So see 2 different types of "serious Christians".
Rathi — December 6, 2012
I'll be damned.
I would also like to see a study done on "liberal" men. Thank you very much, Mr Regnerus.
Kim K — December 6, 2012
Holy causation fail, Batman.
Both conservatism and Christianity (generally speaking) either explicitly or implicitly dictate female submission that discourages the expression of female sexuality. I'm assuming in his study that he found that liberal women weren't having less frequent sex than other women, but just that they wanted more. (Gasp!) Without religion and/or conservatism telling a women that wanting sex is bad, it's not that radical of an assumption that liberal women just want more sex because there aren't other social structures dictating that more sex is bad. How the leap to "transcendence" was made is confounding...
mj — December 6, 2012
Given the way we're playing fast and loose with assumptions and stereotypes, we could also state that conversation men are more authoritarian and therefore force sex on their female partners and therefore conservative women have negative associations with sex.
OR...
Maybe they know that their conservative male partners are have affairs with men on the down low and don't want to have sex with them as a result... just a thought.
Jon — December 6, 2012
A number of studies have also found a connection between higher sexual satisfation and greater frequency among married religious couples (any religion, not just christian). So the alternate theory "maybe conservative men are better lovers; they satisfy their conservative bedmates in ways liberals can only dream of." may actually have some basis in reality.
Lunad — December 6, 2012
While I think his hypothesis stands on extremely shaky assumptions, I don't think that there is no room to explore further with his ideas. For instance, maybe instead of it being religion that is satisfying the churchgoing women, maybe it is social contact. Church-goers have long been shown to have longer lifespans - and a fairly common explanation is that they spend more time in a social context and stay connected to a community. Some sociological theory holds that the power of sexuality is its powerful social interaction. It may be that this interaction feels less necessary when there is a full range of other community interaction in women's lives, especially as the modern trend is to be more disconnected from communities. I wonder if there is data that would test social-connectedness, aside from church, as a factor in determining satisfaction with current sex life.
Guest — December 6, 2012
It does seem pretty ridiculous for the authors to draw such a conclusion (or any conclusion) without even asking the follow-up question "Why are you/are you not content with the amount of sex you're having?"
For what it's worth, for me, Jay is spot on about the cultural values. I'm a liberal woman and, by being surrounded by liberal people and news sources, I constantly hear that sex is good for your health, relationships, mood, stress levels, etc. So I would say that I am not content with the amount of sex I'm having, but that it has nothing to do with unsatisfied desires. I wish I were having more sex the same way I wish I had more time to exercise, had more time to cook fun and nutritious meals, etc. My sexual desires are satisfied, but you can never be too healthy!
pduggie — December 6, 2012
" In some groups, sex for women is good, so it’s OK for them to want more sex. In other social worlds, sex for women has a lower place on the scale of values. It is less of a “focal concern.”"
That seems to just defer the question.
So WHY do some social groups not have sex for women as a focal concern? and why for others is it one? and what tools do we have to answer the question?
And hey, lookee what Regenerus says
"No, they’re about people’s embedded-ness in distinctive worldviews and sets of meanings."
So maybe he agrees? What's the great difference between that and saying its their "social groups" worldview?
disqus_rQ8Re385U7 — December 7, 2012
Even if you accept their finding, it's very easy to turn it around into saying that conservative women channel their repressed sexual frustration into religious fervor...
JayMan — December 7, 2012
Very interesting. However, did you control for race?
Kat — December 7, 2012
I'm skeptical here. I kind of feel like conservative women also have a lot of shame and uncomfortable feelings about sex, especially using sex for only procreation. This could lead to them obviously wanting less of it because they don't seek sex for the simple fact of satisfaction. When I was young and Catholic, there was a lot of talk about how we even needed to make sex a holy thing, including inviting Jesus into the union. And nothing makes me want to have sex LESS than a threesome with Jesus.
jim green — December 8, 2012
Have any of you read Sherkat's audit of the study this data is based on? It's basically worthless - from the design, the codebook, the stat tricks he used to cook the results, etc. Hell, Regnerus even wrote and submitted the paper WHILE he was still collecting results! The referees were either conflicted or sympathetic to his conclusions. It was rushed through review and one day after being published was cited in an amicus briefs in the DOMA litigation, which means the lawyers already had the briefs ready to file. Talk about AMAZING coincidences.
Basically, Regnerus is just trolling liberals with his passive-agressive blog posts about liberal women and slutty college kids. He is pissed off that the backlash he got from the gay community because we had the gall to questions his study and motives.
If I were you, I wouldn't give him the pleasure of taking the troll bait. But hell, you guys get off easy - at least he didn't imply that you are deviant parents and potentially derail your best shot at legal equality since, I don't know, the beginning of time.
Sorry to be the stereotypical Angry Queer but this fiasco is still pretty raw for alot of us...
PS - Darren just posted this video about the whole mess if u want some background...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdVR2DVU5sY&feature=share&list=PL6Lxn67PclQHjhgT5VFu11u8GMW3FlgAU
http://iranianredneck.wordpress.com/2012/12/05/social-science-research-research-ethics-and-the-same-sex-marriage-debate/
---jim
Joeblow — December 8, 2012
Liberal woman are dissatified because the effeminate liberal NPR-educated whimpy guys can't satisfy them.
A2002104 — December 9, 2012
The whole purpose of liberal consumerism is to put people in a permanent state of discontent. Contented people are hard to advertise to. Hence, the religious argument is more accurate than not, and the author is also onto something with his argument that it is external forces, he's only wrong about what those forces are. The truth is a bit of both It is an internal need, and external forces are selling the wrong solution.
Joelle — December 9, 2012
First off, I think the parallel between transcendence in regards to religion versus sex is a ridiculous one to make.
Sex is a human instinct and a reaction to a physical need, while religion is a human reaction to a metaphysical need for truth. Transcendence in one does not relate to transcendence in another. It's comparing apples to oranges. To compare the satisfaction of faith with sex is discrediting faith as a whole and taking away from the difficulties one may experience with their journey in their faith. Sex is an act, faith is a journey. Now that that's been cleared up...
While the article is attempting to look at the issue sociologically, I don't think all factors are being analyzed to the extent a true sociologist would. Consider age. For one, liberals tend to be younger than conservatives. Young people tend to want more sex than those who are older. Whether this a byproduct of inherent curiosity in young people, or simply the physical limitations age brings with it. But this could be a strong lurking variable not considered when taking the poll. Also, those who are religious tend to be taught the virtues of being happy with what one is given and not lusting for more. Thus, it would make sense conservatives would admit to being satisfied with their sexual standing, while liberals tend to be progressive thinkers and when the option for more of something they desire comes along, they are quick to jump and say they want a change. Think about the definition of conservative. The root of the word is to conserve, thus the status quo is satisfying for a conservative more so than it would be for a liberal. Lastly, because conservatives tend to gravitate towards a nuclear family as their ideal life, it is not surprising they are satisfied with their sex lives. Conservatives tend to be in a long term relationship with a significant other, so sex is readily available. Liberals on the other hand may be a part of the "hook-up" culture where sex is only available from parties or other group gatherings, rather than having someone you can come home to. Thus, the study seems to reinforce what is already a common knowledge notion in our society of family roles and beliefs in the two political parties rather than creating a new idea of sex replacing religion.
I'll close by saying the implications of the study are that liberals are more open to sexuality while conservatives tend to be more hush-hush about it.
Other than that, I see no revolutionary findings by the study.
decius — December 11, 2012
It seems that the actual data is that sexual satisfaction and liberalism are both negatively correlated with religious attendance. Why is that surprising?
Guest — December 12, 2012
I wonder why they did not also ask "how often do you have sex" and "how often would you like to have sex"? It seems like those questions would be natural additions, and would answer a lot of these questions.
R_Diana — February 28, 2013
As a woman basically raised in a conservative protestant church, I'd like to tell my experience: although sex (within marriage) is viewed as natural and healthy, it's embarrassing to talk about it or (as a woman) express our desire for more. The worst would be to be seen as a whore, a sex-crazed woman...