Many people look at Asian-Americans’ relatively high incomes, compared to other racial/ethnic groups, and assume this minority group has achieved the American Dream. In fact, Census data reveal Asians have higher average incomes and are less likely to live in poverty than whites (DeNavas, Proctor, & Smith, 2011). Numbers like this lead many to conclude Asians are free from discrimination and are a “model minority” for others to emulate.
However, these numbers regarding Asian-American economic success are misleading. For example, after controlling for factors such as education, number of workers in a household, and regional costs of living,, Asian-Americans’ economic advantages disappear (Kim & Mar, 2007). Like other racial minorities, because of racial discrimination Asians must work harder to get the same economic returns as whites.
But the model minority stereotype is so distracting that many completely overlook overtly racist statements about Asians. A Saturday Night Live clip about the “Linsanity” surrounding NBA player Jeremy Lin illustrates how the racial discourse is regulated quite differently for Asian Americans in comparison to African Americans, drawing on several actual incidents and comments that appeared in coverage of Lin. In this clip, the sportscasters celebrate a headline describing Jeremy Lin as “Amasian,” laugh at signs depicting him inside a fortune cookie, and make statements such as he’s “sweet not sour” and “turned Kobe [Bryant] into Kobe beef.” They also talk about “loving [Lin] long time,” “wax on, wax off Mr. Miyagi,” and “domo arigato, Mr. Lin-boto” as they bow while grinning widely, bang gongs, and mimic martial arts moves. The double standard is revealed as the sportscasters criticize and then fire their peer for saying similar things about Black basketball players, including “Kobe ordered fried chicken,” “Amar’e Stoudemire was dancing like Maury Povich just told him he’s not the father,” and “my homey Carmelo [Anthony] rolls in late”.
In fact, Chou and Feagin argue the “model minority” stereotype makes Asians more vulnerable to racism than other racial groups because over-exaggerated notions of success lead many to dismiss prejudice against this group as innocent or harmless. They write, “This distinctive, supposedly positive stereotyping distracts people from seeing the discrimination Asian Americans face every day” (Chou & Feagin, 2008, p. 30). The SNL clip drives home the way this played out with the Jeremy Lin case.
Relevant Reading:
Chou, R. S., & Feagin, J. R. (2008). The Myth of the Model Minority: Asian Americans Facing Racism. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers.
DeNavas, C., Proctor, B. D., & Smith, J. C. (2011). Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2010. U.S. Census Bureau.
Kim, M., & Mar, D. (2007). The Economic Status of Asian Americans. In M. Kim (Ed.), Race and Economic Opportunity in the Twenty-First Century (pp. 148-279). New York, SC: Routledge.
Potter, J., & Wetherell, M. (1987). Discourse and Social Psychology. Sage.
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Jason Eastman is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at Coastal Carolina University who researches how culture and identity influence social inequalities.
Comments 24
mr.Kedi — March 15, 2012
Speaking as a Hong Konger who live in Canada for more than 10 years, I have notice that when Chinese community promoting Chinese Heritage to younger generations, it is always stressing on we are a part of identity-dom, not the Chinese identity as a part of individual whole. So even though I am not too sure if that have something to do with this topic, I always found it as a part of the problem that we have.
Jon Allison — March 15, 2012
Now that Linsanity is over and D'Antoni got fired, NBA scouts are searching for the NEXT JEREMY LIN! Check it out haha: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TueTzWxr9SM&
Freja — March 15, 2012
The conflation of Chinese and Japanese cultures on display is pretty shocking, and utterly bizarre to me, as someone having lived most of their life in Asia...
Angie — March 15, 2012
You know what amazes me about MSG's real-life commentators? In mid-February MSG aired a well-publicized first interview with Jeremy post-Linsanity's. He was asked something along the lines of what kind of comments he hears or stereotypes he faces as an Asian-American athlete. He said that he often hears things like "He's faster than he looks. He's tougher than he seems." He said, "What does that even mean? Do I look slow?" I'm paraphrasing, but it was obvious that it's frustrating for him to hear that his stamina and ability is surprising, even though he is a professional athlete. Anyway, despite this airing on their OWN channel, the commentators still make consistent comments like this about him. It doesn't even have to be a hard foul like the one Kidd committed a few games ago, they still say it almost every time he goes up to the free throw line.
FASFSA — March 15, 2012
video not availabre outside murrica, RAGE!!!!
Cocojams Jambalayah — March 15, 2012
I'm not sure when the "model minority" phrase became part of the stereotype for East Asians in the United States. However, I'm aware that the discrimination against, and racism, or prejudice, or disrespect toward Asians is centuries old in the United States, Europe, Australia, and other majority European nations. And these negative attitudes toward and negative treatment of East Asian people regardless of their nationality is deeply ingrained in those societies. Furthermore, those negative attitudes toward East Asians is insidious because it is generally considered to be part of the folk culture of those nations. One reflection of this viewpoint are playground rhymes that target Asians (such as some versions of "I Went To The Chinese Resturant") and what some people consider to be warmly remembered, nostalgic songs as "The Little Bald-Headed Chinese" (also known as "Crazy Old Man From China") and "Once In China There Lived A Great Man". As documentation that these racist songs are still being taught to children, visit this thread on this international folk & blues discussion forum http://www.mudcat.org/thread.cfm?threadid=107270 Btw, that thread is one of several Mudcat threads on the "Once In China..." song and there are other threads on the "Crazy Old Man From China". As a long time collector of English language playground rhymes, it is my (non-scientifically researched) conclusion that East Asians are thepublicbrunt of racist rhymes (and actions such as stretching the eyes while reciting the rhyme) MUCH more than Black people. Just because Black people are also subject to racism, does not mean that some of us don't also reflect mainstream society's negative attitudes of Asians and express those negative attitudes in society sanctioned ways. Of course, this absolutely does not make this right.That societies can change the sanctioned ways that their residents from childhood on express negtive attitudes toward people is exemplified by the change in lyrics of the well known "Eenie Meenie Minie Mo" rhyme. Nowadays, most children don't even know that the "n word" was a part of that rhyme. I believe a large part of the reason why that rhyme was changed, and other public expressions of racism against Black people aren't acceptable in "polite society", is because Black people advocated for those changes, and confronted people on their racism (including physical confrontation-though I don't approve of that action). Should Asians (and not just East Asians) be more vocal and pro-active about these kinds of racism. I think so. I believe that it's partly because Asians appear to "tolerate" those not at all innocent playground rhymes & family songs that put down Asians that some Americans (including some Black Americans) think it's ok to make Asian jokes such as those that involved basketball player Jeremy Linn.
Gilbert Pinfold — March 15, 2012
"However, these numbers regarding Asian-American economic success are misleading. For example, after controlling for factors such as education, number of workers in a household, and regional costs of living,, Asian-Americans’ economic advantages disappear (Kim & Mar, 2007). Like other racial minorities, because of racial discrimination Asians must work harder to get the same economic returns as whites."
So after controlling for achievement, Asians don't really achieve more than other minorities.
Aside from the fact that it's making me dizzy, this argument seems to add support for the 'model minority' status.
Ariel — March 19, 2012
When the "Amasian" headline first came out, I argued that it wasn't racist, because I don't believe it is racist to make note of someone's race. Also papers like the New York Post are daily news sausage grinders - they will latch on to any gimmick to make a bold headline, no matter how crass. And Jeremy Lin's race is noteworthy: there are disproportionately few Asians in many professional sports, especially basketball. I figured that at the height of Linsanity, the daily papers had just run out of clever headlines and therefore turned to the relevant characteristic of his race.
I argued this point with my partner, and said that a good analogy would be a black hockey player. Because black hockey players are so rare, it would be perfectly understandable for newspaper editors to capitalize on the race aspect to sell papers. But the best equivalent for "Amasian" that we could come up with was "Blacktastic," which does strike me as offensive. I learned through this experience that I had been seeing things through the discriminatory 'model minority lens', and that I have to make an effort in the future to see these things for what they really are.
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