{"id":579,"date":"2014-10-28T17:23:41","date_gmt":"2014-10-28T17:23:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=579"},"modified":"2015-10-13T19:02:23","modified_gmt":"2015-10-13T19:02:23","slug":"foraging-in-the-urban-jungle-food-security-and-homelessness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2014\/10\/28\/foraging-in-the-urban-jungle-food-security-and-homelessness\/","title":{"rendered":"Foraging in the Urban Jungle: Food Security and Homelessness"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>According to a <a href=\"http:\/\/nationalhomeless.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Food-Sharing2014.pdf\">new report<\/a> making <a href=\"http:\/\/america.aljazeera.com\/articles\/2014\/10\/20\/cities-restrict-sharingfoodwithhomelesspeople.html\">headlines<\/a> this week, 21 American cities have passed laws designed to stop residents from sharing food with homeless people since 2013. The finding, which comes from the National Coalition for the Homeless, highlights an increasingly popular belief that hunger motivates troubled individuals to make lifestyle changes. Food aid, in this view, keeps the homeless complacent. In an <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/blogs\/thesalt\/2014\/10\/22\/357846415\/more-cities-are-making-it-illegal-to-hand-out-food-to-the-homeless\">interview with NPR<\/a>, one consultant argued that \u201cStreet feeding is one of the worst things to do\u2026 it&#8217;s very unproductive, very enabling, and it keeps people out of recovery programs.&#8221; Many city officials quoted in the report have extended this line of thinking to community soup kitchens and food pantries as well. They see those offerings as well-intentioned, but ultimately misguided attempts to help. One, a police captain from Cincinnati, remarked \u201cIf you want the bears to go away, don\u2019t feed the bears.\u201d Research shows this\u00a0isn&#8217;t the case, and these attitudes may actually\u00a0harm people experiencing homelessness.<\/p>\n<h5>Social scientists have amassed a great deal of knowledge about the connection between homelessness and hunger. Over and over, they\u2019ve shown that people with stable food access tend to fare better in other aspects of life.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.la.psu.edu\/people\/bal6\">Barrett A. Lee<\/a>\u00a0and Meredith J. Greif. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/27638732\">Homelessness and Hunger<\/a>\u201d. <i>Journal of Health and Social Behavior, <\/i>Vol. 49, No. 1 (March, 2008), pp. 3-19<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maxwell.syr.edu\/geo\/Mitchell,_Don\/\">Don Mitchell <\/a>and <a href=\"http:\/\/geography.uga.edu\/directory\/profile\/heynen-nik\/\">Nik Heynen<\/a>. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.2747\/0272-3638.30.6.611#.VExUuJPF8_F\">The Geography of Survival and the Right to the City: Speculations on Surveillance, Legal Innovation, and the Criminalization of Intervention<\/a>\u201d. <i>Urban Geography<\/i>. Vol. 30, No. 6 (2009), pp. 611-632<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.homelesshub.ca\/users\/ndachner\">Naomi Dachner<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/nutrisci.med.utoronto.ca\/faculty\/Tarasuk\/\">Valerie Tarasuk<\/a>. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca\/pdfs\/researchbulletins\/07.pdf\">Homeless \u2018squeegee kids\u2019: Food insecurity and daily survival<\/a>\u201d. <i>Social Science &amp; Medicine<\/i>. Vol. 54, No. 7 (2002), pp. 1039-1049<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>More importantly, these people aren&#8217;t animals and homelessness is no mere matter of individual laziness or poor choice. A number of well known structural factors cause and sustain homelessness, including social stigma, poor access to affordable housing, limited employment opportunities, mental health factors, and physical disabilities.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/pages.iu.edu\/~emeanwel\/\">Emily Meanwell<\/a>. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1751-9020.2011.00432.x\/abstract\">Experiencing homelessness: A review of recent literature<\/a>.&#8221;\u00a0<i>Sociology Compass<\/i>, Vol. 6, No. 1 (January 2012), 72-85.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailman.columbia.edu\/our-faculty\/profile?uni=jcp13\">Jo Phelan<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailman.columbia.edu\/our-faculty\/profile?uni=bgl1\">Bruce G. Link,<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/scholar.gse.upenn.edu\/moore\">Robert E. Moore<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mailman.columbia.edu\/academic-departments\/centers\/ccyvp\/ann-stueve-phd\">Ann Stueve<\/a>. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2787093\">The Stigma of Homelessness: The Impact of the Label &#8220;Homeless&#8221; on Attitudes Toward Poor Persons<\/a>\u201d. <i>Social Psychology Quarterly<\/i>, Vol. 60, No. 4 (Dec., 1997), pp. 323-337<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For more on homelessness, check out TROT posts on last year&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2014\/01\/09\/polar-vortex-leaving-some-out-in-the-cold\/\">polar vortex<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2014\/09\/04\/homelessness-at-the-vmas\/\">this year&#8217;s VMAs<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>According to a new report making headlines this week, 21 American cities have passed laws designed to stop residents from sharing food with homeless people since 2013. The finding, which comes from the National Coalition for the Homeless, highlights an increasingly popular belief that hunger motivates troubled individuals to make lifestyle changes. Food aid, in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1993,"featured_media":609,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,33,13,85],"tags":[38547,470,355,38541,321,38546,4071],"class_list":["post-579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-crime","category-health","category-inequality","category-politics","tag-crime","tag-discrimination","tag-government","tag-inequality","tag-law","tag-politics","tag-public-health"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2014\/10\/4719715011_8e2fa1b97f_z.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1993"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=579"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":619,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579\/revisions\/619"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}