{"id":2423,"date":"2019-02-27T08:00:52","date_gmt":"2019-02-27T14:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=2423"},"modified":"2019-02-26T16:42:59","modified_gmt":"2019-02-26T22:42:59","slug":"the-meaning-of-prison-tattoos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2019\/02\/27\/the-meaning-of-prison-tattoos\/","title":{"rendered":"The Meaning of Prison Tattoos"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_2426\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2426\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/rallebuzz\/28385283157\/in\/photolist-KfiZKK-9BNKGu-M25UBr-88i3HN-ouoVc8-71VAFQ-4tXATW-Hisxb7-omfEQW-81GaXK-aucEmR-pRNaRL-SerCV8-bghTFa-pgG1SS-oPZmZy-94eA7X-eeP9LR-2enTUtn-4yy58M-VajknX-oib1A4-7ABPij-omcvno-a1Evwp-kw4fb-9fJrad-29iaJ6F-ks8kX-K74A7t-VnfeCd-27PHrAp-qt4s9o-juiEZn-6AFcZA-4yCgcY-NT8oMx-29WqGwb-9R35v7-c9SXjb-4M27R8-4yxX4p-292DWY3-dcA9oc-ac4YtM-6A5ZCD-UShwh6-rxo5GW-PEamrX-98QoV\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2426 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2019\/02\/28385283157_f60565f5f9_z-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2019\/02\/28385283157_f60565f5f9_z-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2019\/02\/28385283157_f60565f5f9_z-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2019\/02\/28385283157_f60565f5f9_z-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2019\/02\/28385283157_f60565f5f9_z.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2426\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of a person standing outside a tattoo shop. Photo by Ralf Scherer, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tattoos can be important symbols in the underworld, but the exact meaning of these images are often a well-kept secret. Even the teardrop tattoo, considered the most popular emblem of prison culture, has contested meanings. While some consider that the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.correctionsone.com\/prison-gangs\/articles\/7527475-15-prison-tattoos-and-their-meanings\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tear underneath the eye<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">symbolizes the death of a loved one, others believe that it serves as a tally of the carriers\u2019 crimes. Beyond the actual meaning of their shapes and contours, prison tattoos serve several social functions in prison life.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>Studies usually describe how prisons can strip prisoners of different parts of their \u2018identity kit\u2019. At intake to prisons, people are fingerprinted, photographed, and assigned an identification number. Penal institutions also routinely strip prisoners of their possessions, clothes, and cultural signifiers in a forced process of personal defacement. To neutralize this process, prisoners gradually acquire a \u2018prison identity\u2019. Tattoos enable prisoners to consolidate their self-perception, embrace a new identity, and announce their commitment to \u2018convict\u2019 status.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Erving-Goffman\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Erving Goffman<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.1959. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/the-presentation-of-self-in-everyday-life-3026754\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Random House. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/michael-phelan-443b7867\">Michael P. Phelan<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/justicestudies.eku.edu\/people\/hunt\">Scott A. Hunt<\/a>. 1998. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1525\/si.1998.21.3.277\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prison Gang Members&#8217; Tattoos as Identity Work: The Visual Communication of Moral Careers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symbolic Interaction<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 21(3): 277-298.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Robert Koehler. 2000. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/016396200266315\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Organizational Structure and Function of La Nuestra Familia within Colorado State Correctional Facilities<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deviant Behavior<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 21(2): 155\u2013179.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Prison scholars argue that prison subcultures endow status and prestige among peers, and strengthen prisoners\u2019 sentiments of loyalty to the prison world. According to David Skarbek, formal and informal norms are effective in securing prison order. However, when a community becomes larger or more diverse, inmates often start organizing around prison gangs. These groups are forms of brotherhood or comradeship that provide information, safety, and a deeper sense of belonging. Tattoos provide gangs with a coded language that serve as an informal mechanism of communication, but also as a way of differentiation against outsiders. Through the visual display of a tattoo, prisoners convey their status, rank, accomplishments, and their allegiance to a specific organization.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.davidskarbek.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">David <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Skarbek<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2012. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0167268112000030\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prison Gangs, Norms, and Organizations<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of Economic Behavior &amp; Organization<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">82<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1): 96-109.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cla.umn.edu\/about\/directory\/profile\/page\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Josh Page<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.utm.utoronto.ca\/sociology\/faculty-staff\/goodman-phil\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phillip Goodman<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2018. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/1362480618769866?journalCode=tcra\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Creative Disruption: Edward Bunker, Carceral Habitus, and the Criminological Value of Fiction<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <em>Theoretical Criminology<\/em>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tattoos can be important symbols in the underworld, but the exact meaning of these images are often a well-kept secret. Even the teardrop tattoo, considered the most popular emblem of prison culture, has contested meanings. While some consider that the tear underneath the eye\u00a0symbolizes the death of a loved one, others believe that it serves [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2020,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,15],"tags":[115529,38547,38543,347,16451,2899,145,115527,455,27160,29530,10095],"class_list":["post-2423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-crime","category-culture","tag-convict","tag-crime","tag-culture","tag-identity","tag-imprisonment","tag-inmate","tag-prison","tag-prison-tattoos","tag-punishment","tag-symbolism","tag-tattoo","tag-tattoos"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2423"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2429,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2423\/revisions\/2429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2423"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}