{"id":2318,"date":"2018-12-14T08:00:31","date_gmt":"2018-12-14T14:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=2318"},"modified":"2018-12-13T17:35:12","modified_gmt":"2018-12-13T23:35:12","slug":"substance-abuse-violence-and-risk-taking-among-male-athletes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2018\/12\/14\/substance-abuse-violence-and-risk-taking-among-male-athletes\/","title":{"rendered":"Substance Abuse, Violence, and Risk-Taking among Male Athletes"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_2333\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2333\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mike_miley\/25698045663\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2333\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/12\/25698045663_08046158df_z-600x400.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/12\/25698045663_08046158df_z-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/12\/25698045663_08046158df_z-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/12\/25698045663_08046158df_z.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2333\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo of two high school lacrosse players fighting for the ball. Photo by H. Michael Miley, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During his Supreme Court confirmation hearings, Brett Kavanaugh repeatedly referred to his experiences in high school and high school athletics in ways that depicted sports as wholesome and beneficial for youth. While not denying the benefits of sports, sociological research highlights the detrimental impacts of athletic involvement as well. And in contrast to Kavanaugh\u2019s characterizations, this research shows that athletic participation is often associated with substance use and abuse, violence, and risk-taking among boys and young men in the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>The connection between athletic involvement and alcohol use is well-established through research, and the connection is especially pronounced for white male athletes at the top of their peer status hierarchy. Ironically, being high-status in high school drives both alcohol use and some of the protective features of sports, like connection to school and higher grades. Nationally representative surveys have also demonstrated that involvement in organized sports is associated with binge drinking in college, and that binge drinking continues after actual athletic participation ends. Recent work on drug use indicates that male athletes are more likely to be prescribed opioids, accidentally overdose, and have used opioids recreationally than non-athletes or female athletes.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/cbshs\/faculty-staff\/profiles\/deitle\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">David Eitle<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/wp0.vanderbilt.edu\/sociology\/bio\/?who=jay-turner\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R. Jay Turner<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Tamela_Eitle\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tamela McNulty Eitle<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2003. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals-sagepub-com.ezp1.lib.umn.edu\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/002204260303300108\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Deterrence Hypothesis Reexamined: Sports Participation and Substance Use among Young Adults<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of Drug Issues<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 33(1): 193\u2013221.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/~mattkwan\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Matthew Kwan<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sait.ca\/about-sait\/who-we-are\/sait-schools\/scholarly-activity\/academic-services\/profiles\/sarah-bobko\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sarah Bobko<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Guy_Faulkner\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guy Faulkner<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kpe.utoronto.ca\/faculty\/donnelly-peter\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peter Donnelly<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/psychiatry.mcmaster.ca\/directory\/bio\/dr-john-cairney\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">John Cairney<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2014. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24290876\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sport Participation and Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Addictive Behaviors<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 39(3): 497-506.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.kylegreen.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kyle Green<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.health.umn.edu\/people\/experts\/toben-f-nelson-scd\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toben Nelson<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cla.umn.edu\/about\/directory\/profile\/hartm021\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Douglas Hartmann<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2014. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/1012690213509257\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Binge Drinking and Sports Participation in College: Patterns among Athletes and Former Athletes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">International Review for the Sociology of Sport<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 49(3\u20134): 417-34.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/irwg.umich.edu\/people\/philip-t-veliz\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Philip Veliz<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nursing.umich.edu\/faculty-staff\/faculty\/carol-j-boyd\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carol Boyd<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nursing.umich.edu\/faculty-staff\/faculty\/sean-esteban-mccabe\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sean Esteban McCabe<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2017. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5326584\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nonmedical Use of Prescription Opioids and Heroin Use Among Adolescents Involved in Competitive Sports<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of Adolescent Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 60(3): 346-49.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Classics in the field of sport sociology discuss the \u201cTriad of Violence\u201d that is taught through sports: 1) violence against women, 2) violence against others, and 3) violence against the self. For example, male athletes learn to play through pain and to talk about (heterosexual) sex as a conquest. More recent research continues to find links between sports and violent behavior, especially for contact sports. Since risk-taking is central to both the meaning of sport and the meaning of masculinity, it is not surprising that male athletes are more likely to engage in a variety of \u201crisk-taking\u201d behaviors, from drunk driving to unprotected sex.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dornsife.usc.edu\/cf\/faculty-and-staff\/faculty.cfm?pid=1003528\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Michael Messner<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2002. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.5749\/j.ctttssgq\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taking the Field: Women, Men, and Sports<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. University of Minnesota Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/criminology.fsu.edu\/faculty-and-staff\/college-faculty\/kevin-beaver\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kevin Beaver<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cech.uc.edu\/criminaljustice\/employees.html?eid=barnejr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J.C. Barnes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.slu.edu\/public-health-social-justice\/faculty\/boutwell-brian.php\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brian Boutwell<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2016. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0044118X13515279\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exploring the Relationship between Violent Behavior and Participation in Football during Adolescence: Findings From a Sample of Sibling Pairs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Youth &amp; Society<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 48(6): 786\u2013809.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sociology.niu.edu\/sociology\/about\/directory\/kidder.shtml\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jeffrey Kidder<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2017. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rutgersuniversitypress.org\/parkour-and-the-city\/9780813571959\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Parkour and the City: Risk, Masculinity, and Meaning in a Postmodern Sport<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Rutgers University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For other work on how masculinity norms in sport link to sexuality and race, see <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2017\/09\/18\/asserting-masculinity-through-sports\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">here<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">!<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During his Supreme Court confirmation hearings, Brett Kavanaugh repeatedly referred to his experiences in high school and high school athletics in ways that depicted sports as wholesome and beneficial for youth. While not denying the benefits of sports, sociological research highlights the detrimental impacts of athletic involvement as well. And in contrast to Kavanaugh\u2019s characterizations, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2020,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,15,55,33,13,14],"tags":[212,433,53,2375,38547,38543,40271,38545,38544,16385,95654,38541,1976,110523,3312,38542,1877,30429,50,108,537,17580,133,3666,507,105],"class_list":["post-2318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-crime","category-culture","category-gender","category-health","category-inequality","category-race","tag-alcohol","tag-athlete","tag-athletics","tag-binge-drinking","tag-crime","tag-culture","tag-drug-use","tag-gender","tag-health","tag-heirarchy","tag-high-school-sports","tag-inequality","tag-masculinity","tag-opiod","tag-privilege","tag-race","tag-risk","tag-risk-taking","tag-sport","tag-sports","tag-status","tag-substance-abuse","tag-violence","tag-violence-against-women","tag-white-privilege","tag-whiteness"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2318","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2318"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2318\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2338,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2318\/revisions\/2338"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}