{"id":2151,"date":"2018-08-20T08:00:47","date_gmt":"2018-08-20T13:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=2151"},"modified":"2018-08-19T19:34:39","modified_gmt":"2018-08-20T00:34:39","slug":"health-minorities-and-the-hispanic-paradox","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2018\/08\/20\/health-minorities-and-the-hispanic-paradox\/","title":{"rendered":"Health Minorities and the Hispanic Paradox"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_2154\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2154\" style=\"width: 533px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/31682722@N06\/4646418096\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2154\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/08\/4646418096_24d073a62f_z-600x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"533\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/08\/4646418096_24d073a62f_z-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/08\/4646418096_24d073a62f_z-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2018\/08\/4646418096_24d073a62f_z.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 533px) 100vw, 533px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2154\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Sara Star NS, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5>Despite the stressful experiences and the poverty that often accompany immigration, social science research shows that Hispanics as a whole fare better in health outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. The \u2018Hispanic Paradox\u2019 refers to the fact that these good health conditions in Hispanic populations represent a curious puzzle for researchers. This is because Hispanics also exhibit low-income status, disproportionate exposure to stress factors associated with the immigration process such as learning a new language, adapting to an unfamiliar environment, and encountering persistent discrimination &#8212; factors associated with poor health outcomes.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/psychology.unt.edu\/john-ruiz\/research\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">John M. Ruiz<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/fhssfaculty.byu.edu\/FacultyPage\/prs28\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patrick Steffen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/education.byu.edu\/directory\/view\/timothy-smith\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Timothy B. Smith<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2013. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2105\/AJPH.2012.301103\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hispanic Mortality Paradox: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Longitudinal Literature<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Journal of Public Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0103 (3): 52-60.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibachsd.org.unixweb-7.nethere.net\/linda-c-gallo-phd-senior-core-investigator\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Linda C. Gallo<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.feinberg.northwestern.edu\/faculty-profiles\/az\/profile.html?xid=24719\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frank J. Penedo<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sandiego.edu\/cas\/psychological-sciences\/faculty-and-staff\/biography.php?profile_id=6442\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Karla Espinosa de los Monteros<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/William_Arguelles\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">William Arguelles<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2009.&#8221;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/19796063\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resiliency in the Face of Disadvantage: Do Hispanic Cultural Characteristics Protect Health Outcomes?<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of Personality<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 77 (6): 1707-1746.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Some studies explain the \u2018Hispanic Paradox\u201d based on Hispanic culture-specific features that act as protective factors of health and wellbeing. They include the cultural emphasis in the development of social resources, family ties, and religious affiliations. Hispanic mothers in the United States, for example, enjoy favorable birth outcomes due to their close relationships with family, friends, and community members who provide a protective network of informal prenatal care. However, new research has found that Hispanic mothers\u2019 adaptation to the norms of U.S. society &#8212; known as acculturation &#8212; erode these healthy behaviors.<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wou.edu\/geography\/profile\/mike-mcglade\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Michael S.McGlade<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ohsu.pure.elsevier.com\/en\/persons\/somnath-som-saha\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Somnath Saha<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/scinapse.io\/authors\/2713361500\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marie E. Dahlstrom<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2004. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ajph-aphapublications-org.ezp3.lib.umn.edu\/doi\/abs\/10.2105\/AJPH.94.12.2062\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Latina Paradox: An Opportunity for Restructuring Prenatal Care Delivery.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Journal of Public Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a094(12): 2062-2065.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mailman.columbia.edu\/people\/our-faculty\/afl7\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ana F. Abraido-Lanza<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osher.ucsf.edu\/research\/research-team\/core-faculty\/maria-t-chao-drph-mpa\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maria T. Chao<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/sph.cuny.edu\/people\/karenflorez\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Karen R. Florez<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2005. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-sciencedirect-com.ezp3.lib.umn.edu\/science\/article\/pii\/S0277953605000523\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do Healthy Behaviors Decline with Greater Acculturation?: Implications for the Latino Mortality Paradox<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social Science &amp; Medicine<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a061(6): 1243-1255.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Notably, the Hispanic Paradox may not remain consistent when researchers consider the specific composition of Hispanic populations living in the United States, compared to Hispanic populations in their places of origin. For instance, Hispanics who migrate may have better health conditions than those who stay in their home countries, known as the \u2018healthy migrant effect\u2019. On the other hand, less healthy Hispanics may be more likely to return to their home countries and thus less likely to participate in research studies, what is called \u2018the salmon bias\u2019. A study of Hispanics tested both the \u2018healthy migrant\u2019 and \u2018the salmon bias\u2019 effects among Cubans (for whom returning to their home countries is not feasible), Puerto Ricans, and U.S.-born Hispanics (whose deaths are recorded in the U.S. national statistics). Findings reveal that lower mortality for Hispanics remains constant, even when controlling for these alternative hypotheses.<\/h5>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssc.wisc.edu\/soc\/faculty\/show-person.php?person_id=38\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alberto Palloni <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Elizabeth_Arias\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elizabeth Arias<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2004. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1353\/dem.2004.0024\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paradox Lost: Explaining the Hispanic Adult Mortality Advantage<\/span><\/a>.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8221; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Demography<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 41(3): 385-415.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mailman.columbia.edu\/people\/our-faculty\/afl7\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ana F. Abraido-Lanza<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mailman.columbia.edu\/people\/our-faculty\/bpd1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bruce P. Dohrenwend<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/daisy-ng-mak-1171667a\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daisy S. Ng-Mak<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/childadolescentpsych.cumc.columbia.edu\/faculty\/j-blake-turner\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">J. Blake Turner<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 1999. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ajph.aphapublications.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2105\/AJPH.89.10.1543\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Latino Mortality Paradox: A Test of the&#8221; Salmon Bias&#8221; and Healthy Migrant Hypotheses<\/span><\/a>.<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8221; A<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">merican Journal of Public Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 89(10): 1543-1548.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Studies on the Hispanic Paradox shine a light on how ethnicity can affect health outcomes. However, concerns about health outcomes among minorities require both strengthening the benefits and preventing potential harmful consequences of being Hispanic in the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Despite the stressful experiences and the poverty that often accompany immigration, social science research shows that Hispanics as a whole fare better in health outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. The \u2018Hispanic Paradox\u2019 refers to the fact that these good health conditions in Hispanic populations represent a curious puzzle for researchers. This is because Hispanics also exhibit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2020,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,55,33,13,14],"tags":[18862,551,17218,38543,70,38545,38544,105262,1139,1020,105331,2881,89,38541,30275,625,97463,152,23079,3109,3891,1828,119,4071,38542,42,105329,3547],"class_list":["post-2151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-gender","category-health","category-inequality","category-race","tag-acculturation","tag-assimilation","tag-birth","tag-culture","tag-family","tag-gender","tag-health","tag-health-inequality","tag-healthcare","tag-hispanic","tag-hispanic-paradox","tag-illness","tag-immigration","tag-inequality","tag-latina","tag-latino","tag-latinx","tag-medical","tag-mortality","tag-motherhood","tag-network","tag-population","tag-poverty","tag-public-health","tag-race","tag-religion","tag-resources","tag-stress"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2151"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2160,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2151\/revisions\/2160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}