{"id":1591,"date":"2017-10-03T11:07:20","date_gmt":"2017-10-03T16:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=1591"},"modified":"2017-10-03T13:35:48","modified_gmt":"2017-10-03T18:35:48","slug":"nostalgia-is-not-what-it-used-to-be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2017\/10\/03\/nostalgia-is-not-what-it-used-to-be\/","title":{"rendered":"Nostalgia Is Not What It Used to Be"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1593\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1593\" style=\"width: 381px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/herry\/3178745137\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1593\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/10\/3178745137_02cee566a4_z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/10\/3178745137_02cee566a4_z.jpg 381w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/10\/3178745137_02cee566a4_z-300x159.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1593\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Herry Lawford, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Worries about rapid technological change negatively affecting society abound &#8212; the advent of the internet, increased availability of smartphones, and ubiquity of social media have many concerned that people are constantly \u201cplugged in\u201d and, as a result, tuning out the world around them. These concerns were revitalized with the recent publication of psychologist <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/magazine\/archive\/2017\/09\/has-the-smartphone-destroyed-a-generation\/534198\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jennifer Twenge\u2019s new research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which finds that a social media heavy diet is associated with depression and social isolation among teens. However, Twenge explains, \u201cThe aim of generational study is not to succumb to nostalgia for the way things used to be; it\u2019s to understand how they are now. Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both.\u201d Social science research on nostalgia warns against idealizing the past, but also points to varied uses and meanings of nostalgia over time. <\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seen as a sickness when it first entered circulation centuries earlier, nostalgia became a common trope in the late 20<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> century, moving from the medical field to everyday life. Nostalgia is typically defined as a \u201csentimental longing for the past,\u201d and is often associated with an idealized remembering of \u201chow things used to be.\u201d In this way, nostalgia can be viewed as reactionary and regressive &#8212; calls for returns to \u201ctraditional families\u201d or \u201ctight-knit communities\u201d are often cast in a language that selectively highlights the positives of previous social forms and ignores the problems associated with them. For example, Stephanie Coontz finds that there has never been a \u201ctraditional family\u201d that protects people from poverty or social disruption. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.svetlanaboym.com\/main.htm\">Svetlana Boym<\/a>. 2001. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/book\/show\/75902.The_Future_of_Nostalgia\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Future of Nostalgia<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New York: Basic Books.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.stephaniecoontz.com\/\">Stephanie Coontz<\/a>. 1992. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.stephaniecoontz.com\/books\/thewayweneverwere\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Way We Never Were: American Families and the Nostalgia Trap<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Basic Books. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/profmirandajoseph.com\/\">Miranda Joseph<\/a>. 2002. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.upress.umn.edu\/book-division\/books\/against-the-romance-of-community\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Against the Romance of Community<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. University of Minnesota Press. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nostalgia can also be exploited by those in power to further ideological ends. For example, think Trump\u2019s electoral campaign slogan \u201cMake America Great Again,\u201d or Brexit with its \u201cTake back control\u201d discourse &#8212; both imply a better past. This type of nostalgia is usually vague in terms of the era and place of longing, yet has an exclusionary vision of society that has strict rules about who belongs.<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.polis.cam.ac.uk\/Staff_and_Students\/professor-micheal-kenny\">Michael Kenny<\/a>. 2017. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/13569317.2017.1346773\">Back to the Populist Future?: Understanding Nostalgia in Contemporary Ideological Discourse<\/a>.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journal of Political Ideologies <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">22(3): 256\u201373.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geog.ucl.ac.uk\/people\/emeritus\/david-lowenthal\">David Lowenthal<\/a>. 1996. <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/The_Heritage_Crusade_and_the_Spoils_of_H.html?id=qbDb7UbYFh8C\"><i>Possessed by the Past\u202f: The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History<\/i><\/a>. New York: Free Press.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncl.ac.uk\/gps\/staff\/profile\/alastairbonnett.html\">Alastair Bonnett<\/a>. 2010. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomsbury.com\/uk\/left-in-the-past-9780826430076\/\"><i>Left in the Past\u202f: Radicalism and the Politics of Nostalgia<\/i><\/a>. New York: Continuum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, recent research complicates these negative connotations of nostalgia by exploring some of the different affective, sentimental, and ideational roles that various kinds of nostalgia practice perform. Research finds that nostalgia can be both a comfort and a catalyst for change, and some argue that nostalgia can be an important basis for thinking into the future. Sociologist Fred Davis recognizes nostalgia as a tool for identity construction and a lens through which people construct, maintain, and reconstruct their identities. He finds that nostalgia reduces insecurities and self-threat by keeping fears of insignificance at bay and reassuring us that our self \u201cis as it was then.\u201d Similarly, Katharina Niemeyer argues that the process of \u201cnostalgizing\u201d provides a sense of belonging that can increase solidarity and lessen loneliness. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/content.cdlib.org\/view?docId=hb0h4n99rb;NAAN=13030&amp;doc.view=frames&amp;chunk.id=div00013&amp;toc.depth=1&amp;toc.id=&amp;brand=calisphere\">Fred Davis<\/a>. 1979. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Yearning_for_Yesterday.html?id=3zt-AAAAMAAJ\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yearning for Yesterday\u202f: A Sociology of Nostalgia<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New York: Free Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kniemeyer.net\/\">Katharina Niemeyer<\/a>, ed. 2014. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/kniemeyer.net\/2017\/08\/16\/media-and-nostalgia\/\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Media and Nostalgia\u202f: Yearning for the Past, Present and Future<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire\u202f; New York: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lboro.ac.uk\/departments\/socialsciences\/staff\/honorary\/michael-pickering\/\">Michael Pickering<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lboro.ac.uk\/departments\/socialsciences\/staff\/emily-keightley\/\">Emily Keightley<\/a>. 2006. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0011392106068458\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Modalities of Nostalgia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Current Sociology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 54(6): 919-941. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/soccco.uni-koeln.de\/matthew-baldwin.html\">Matthew Baldwin<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/psych.ku.edu\/mark-j-landau\">Mark J. Landau<\/a>. 2014. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/people.ku.edu\/~mjlandau\/docs\/Baldwin_landau_nostalgia.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exploring Nostalgia\u2019s Influence on Psychological Growth<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Self and Identity<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 13(2): 162-177. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Worries about rapid technological change negatively affecting society abound &#8212; the advent of the internet, increased availability of smartphones, and ubiquity of social media have many concerned that people are constantly \u201cplugged in\u201d and, as a result, tuning out the world around them. These concerns were revitalized with the recent publication of psychologist Jennifer Twenge\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,85],"tags":[38543,12131,38546],"class_list":["post-1591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-politics","tag-culture","tag-nostalgia","tag-politics"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1957"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1591"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1597,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1591\/revisions\/1597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}