{"id":1435,"date":"2017-04-21T06:30:26","date_gmt":"2017-04-21T11:30:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=1435"},"modified":"2017-04-21T08:14:26","modified_gmt":"2017-04-21T13:14:26","slug":"racial-and-regional-differences-in-support-for-the-death-penalty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2017\/04\/21\/racial-and-regional-differences-in-support-for-the-death-penalty\/","title":{"rendered":"Racial and Regional Differences in Support for the Death Penalty"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1439\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1439\" style=\"width: 519px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/microcline\/289773268\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1439\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/04\/289773268_f0dca2d06b_z.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"519\" height=\"377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/04\/289773268_f0dca2d06b_z.jpg 519w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/04\/289773268_f0dca2d06b_z-300x218.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1439\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Andrew Petro, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arkansas<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/nation\/2017\/04\/16\/pause-arkansas-executions-highlights-national-trend\/100547812\/\">recent attempts<\/a>\u00a0to execute seven inmates in the course of eleven days, and the Supreme Court\u2019s upcoming oral arguments surrounding\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scotusblog.com\/case-files\/cases\/mcwilliams-v-dunn\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">McWilliams v. Dunn <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, there has been a lot\u00a0news about the death penalty this month. Although it is abolished in many other industrialized nations, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hup.harvard.edu\/catalog.php?isbn=9780674066106\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">31 U.S. states<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> still retain the death penalty, and there is extensive\u00a0research on this \u201cpeculiar institution\u201d and why it remains resilient today. <\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite a multitude of studies, current research remains inconclusive on the deterrent effects of capital punishment. These ambiguous findings are due to a lack of attention to &#8220;noncapital sanctions&#8221; for homicide like life sentences and incomplete data on potential murderers&#8217; perceptions of capital punishment. What <em>is<\/em> clear is that there is an extreme racial divide in support for the death penalty, with Black\u00a0Americans being consistently less likely to support capital punishment than whites. This divide is partly attributed to racial prejudice against Blacks, so much so that one study suggests that if\u00a0you exclude whites with extreme racial attitudes, support for capital punishment between Black and white Americans is not nearly as bifurcated. Death sentences are also applied disparately across racial lines, with defendants convicted of killing white females most likely to receive a capital punishment sentence, while those convicted of killing Black males are afforded more leniency. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.harvard.edu\/bobo\/home\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lawrence D. Bobo<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &amp; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/soan.gmu.edu\/people\/djohns22\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Devon Johnson<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2004. &#8220;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/du-bois-review-social-science-research-on-race\/article\/a-taste-for-punishment-black-and-white-americans-views-on-the-death-penalty-and-the-war-on-drugs\/7F4B1422D1D3279B2FDA9529B6C7F6A8\">A Taste for Punishment: Black and White Americans&#8217; Views on the Death Penalty and the War on Drugs.<\/a>&#8220;<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Du Bois Review\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1): 151-180.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gjs.appstate.edu\/directory\/dr-jefferson-holcomb\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jefferson E. Holcomb<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/gjs.appstate.edu\/directory\/dr-marian-williams\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marian R. Williams<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &amp; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgsu.edu\/arts-and-sciences\/center-for-family-demographic-research\/about-cfdr\/research-affiliates\/stephen-demuth.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stephen Demuth.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 2004. &#8220;<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncjrs.gov\/App\/publications\/abstract.aspx?ID=209046\">White Female Victims and Death Penalty Disparity Research.<\/a>&#8220;<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Justice Quarterly<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">21<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(4): 877-902.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Marrian R. Williams, Stephen Demuth &amp; Jefferson E.Holcomb. 2007. &#8220;<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2007.00095.x\/abstract\">Understanding the Influence of Victim Gender in Death Penalty Cases: the Importance of Victim Race, Sex\u2010related Victimization, and Jury Decision Making.<\/a>&#8220;<\/span> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criminology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">45<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(4): 865-891.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/usfsm.edu\/faculty-members\/dr-james-unnever\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James D. Unnever<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &amp; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/cech.uc.edu\/criminaljustice\/employees.html?eid=cullenft\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Francis T. Cullen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2007. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4494973?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Racial Divide in Support for the Death Penalty: Does White Racism Matter?<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social Forces<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">85<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(3): 1281-1301.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nasonline.org\/about-nas\/history\/archives\/milestones-in-NAS-history\/organization-of-the-nrc.html?referrer=https:\/\/www.google.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Research Council<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2012. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nap.edu\/catalog\/13363\/deterrence-and-the-death-penalty\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deterrence and the Death Penalty<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. National Academies Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scholars argue that the death penalty is nested within an exceptionally punitive American carceral state. Capital punishment stems from an unparalleled American political culture that centralizes issues of crime and the criminal justice system. Unlike their European counterparts, American judges and prosecutors are locally elected, allowing much of the criminal justice process to be subject to electoral cycles and public outcries. This political structure, combined with a history of racial conflict and segregation, perpetuates low levels of social solidarity and an underdeveloped state, which allows retributive punishments to flourish. This is especially evident in the American South, a region that has a long history of collective, racialized violence and where\u00a0<\/span>death penalty support is particularly embedded<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.as.nyu.edu\/object\/davidgarland.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">David Garland<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2010. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hup.harvard.edu\/catalog.php?isbn=9780674066106\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peculiar Institution: America\u2019s Death Penalty in an Age of Abolition<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Harvard University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.upenn.edu\/polisci\/people\/standing-faculty\/marie-gottschalk-0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marie Gottschalk<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2014. <em><a href=\"http:\/\/press.princeton.edu\/titles\/10330.html\" target=\"_blank\">Caught: The Prison State and the Lockdown of American Politics<\/a>.\u00a0<\/em>Princeton<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With Arkansas\u2019 recent attempts\u00a0to execute seven inmates in the course of eleven days, and the Supreme Court\u2019s upcoming oral arguments surrounding\u00a0McWilliams v. Dunn , there has been a lot\u00a0news about the death penalty this month. Although it is abolished in many other industrialized nations, 31 U.S. states still retain the death penalty, and there is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,13,85,14],"tags":[38547,2576,38541,38546,38542],"class_list":["post-1435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-crime","category-inequality","category-politics","category-race","tag-crime","tag-death-penalty","tag-inequality","tag-politics","tag-race"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1957"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1435"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1442,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1435\/revisions\/1442"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}