{"id":1286,"date":"2017-02-13T12:46:04","date_gmt":"2017-02-13T18:46:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=1286"},"modified":"2017-02-15T09:52:40","modified_gmt":"2017-02-15T15:52:40","slug":"the-culture-of-mass-deportation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2017\/02\/13\/the-culture-of-mass-deportation\/","title":{"rendered":"The Culture of Mass Deportation"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1287\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1287\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/neontommy\/5638815392\/in\/photolist-84mixW-9Ahpn3-qKfMXS-dA6KQ7-74jUan-9oMw8m-hQ6sE1-9ZTRC4-nKCzQG-9Ev4HP-oWAJKB-5jmfmZ-3mV3yv-6uU89N-8NPRCe-4BHxc-3JCVvU-8NSY51-rgh5Ay-hsbGsp-5una4C-3JCTGQ-49mo4-5TiqnH-8NPRbg-nrqoDd-5bX4Dc-832zaJ-L7Nb3-d31riE-d31oqL-aHG7vF-8NSXXJ-dbiNMx-oi1Pm5-8MVFpy-8eiwUN-8MVGZE-k5xYyg-4SktGE-8MSyxZ-8MSBCa-8NDTGM-8MVFMf-ukE6r-fgwr9y-8MVB9s-8MVGLJ-8MSwq8-oroQB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1287\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/5627688138_3597253ec1_z-600x326.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/5627688138_3597253ec1_z-600x326.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/5627688138_3597253ec1_z-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/5627688138_3597253ec1_z.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Neon Tommy, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Trump administration continues to ramp up policies that not only curb the flow of undocumented migrants into the United States, but also bolster an already formidable deportation system. Currently, many \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/01\/30\/us\/politics\/daca-dreamer-immigrant-trump.html?_r=0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dreamers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d protected by former president Obama\u2019s executive order are worried that president Trump will overturn this crucial immigration policy, which grants residency status to undocumented individuals that came to the United States as children prior to 2012. This unprecedented move could potentially lead to the detention and deportation of nearly 800,000 people. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surprisingly, social science has found that immigration policy in the United States does not typically follow immigration patterns, but more often shaped by economic and political conditions. <\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many legal avenues for migration\u00a0to the United States were dismantled from the late 1950s through 1965, including the elimination of many temporary worker visas and country and hemispheric quotas. This policy shift resulted in an uptick in undocumented migrants from Latin America until the late 1970s, which subsequently tapered off with the passage of the Immigration and Reform Control Act in 1986. Due to this influx of undocumented immigrants, political rhetoric surrounding immigration took a punitive turn, fueling anti-immigrant sentiment and restrictionist policies with strict enforcement practices, especially during the mid 1990s through the 2000s. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sociology.princeton.edu\/faculty\/doug-massey\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Douglas S. Massey<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.princeton.edu\/~kapren\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Karen A. Pren<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2012. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3407978\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unintended Consequences of US Immigration Policy: Explaining the Post\u20101965 Surge from Latin America.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Population and Development Review<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">38<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1): 1-29.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deportations of both undocumented and documented immigrants has increased significantly in the past few decades, so much so that under the Obama administration, a record 2 million immigrants were deported by the end of 2013. These unprecedented numbers of deportations typically involved people with no criminal record or those with minor convictions, such as traffic offenses or marijuana possession, and nearly one quarter of the 400,000 deportees in 2012 were parents of U.S. citizens. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.upenn.edu\/polisci\/people\/standing-faculty\/marie-gottschalk-0\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marie Gottschalk<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2016. <\/span><em><a href=\"http:\/\/press.princeton.edu\/titles\/10330.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caught: The Prison State and the Lockdown of American Politics<\/span><\/a><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>.<\/em> Princeton University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scholars have demonstrated the parallels between the system of mass deportation and mass incarceration in the United States, both of which disproportionately impact men of color, are rife with punitive rhetoric, and are bolstered by massive government and private expenditures.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucmerced.edu\/content\/tanya-golash-boza\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tanya Maria Golash-Boza<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> contends that deportation is nested within the current state of global capitalism. \u00a0She argues that deportations serve the function of removing surplus labor while keeping undocumented labor populations in the United States compliant and vulnerable. This era of mass deportation and \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/roundtables\/crimmigration\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">crimmigration<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d comes at a significant cost to immigrant communities and families. Unfortunately, if the current political climate of \u201cAmerica First\u201d is any indicator, these social and human costs will only exacerbate in the recent future. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucmerced.edu\/content\/tanya-golash-boza\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tanya Maria Golash-Boza<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2015. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/nyupress.org\/books\/9781479843978\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>Deported: Immigrant Policing, Disposable Labor and Global Capitalism<\/em>.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0NYU Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.unc.edu\/people-page\/jacqueline-hagan\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jacqueline Maria Hagan<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/liberalarts.utexas.edu\/sociology\/faculty\/npr62\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nestor Rodriguez,<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.fas.harvard.edu\/people\/brianna-castro\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brianna Castro<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2011. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/01419870.2011.575233\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Social Effects of Mass Deportations by the United States Government, 2000\u201310.<\/span><\/a> <i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ethnic and Racial Studies<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">34<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(8): 1374-1391<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Trump administration continues to ramp up policies that not only curb the flow of undocumented migrants into the United States, but also bolster an already formidable deportation system. Currently, many \u201cDreamers\u201d protected by former president Obama\u2019s executive order are worried that president Trump will overturn this crucial immigration policy, which grants residency status to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,13,85,14],"tags":[38547,26856,89,38541,38546,38542],"class_list":["post-1286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-crime","category-inequality","category-politics","category-race","tag-crime","tag-deportation","tag-immigration","tag-inequality","tag-politics","tag-race"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1957"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1286"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1297,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1286\/revisions\/1297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}