{"id":1274,"date":"2017-02-09T08:00:30","date_gmt":"2017-02-09T14:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=1274"},"modified":"2017-02-08T17:16:08","modified_gmt":"2017-02-08T23:16:08","slug":"white-working-class-voters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2017\/02\/09\/white-working-class-voters\/","title":{"rendered":"White Working Class Voters"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1278\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1278\" style=\"width: 580px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/billgarrett-newagecrap\/2246182720\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1278\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/2246182720_7fe4f8745d_z.jpg\" width=\"580\" height=\"381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/2246182720_7fe4f8745d_z.jpg 640w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/2246182720_7fe4f8745d_z-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2017\/02\/2246182720_7fe4f8745d_z-600x394.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1278\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by William Garrett, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trump&#8217;s rise to the presidency still has many people\u00a0wondering why large numbers of whites with low to moderate incomes voted for a candidate who supports policies that are likely to have a negative impact on them. In other words, how is a millionaire real estate developer from New York City seen as an average Joe and a champion of white workers? Two prominent sociological explanations\u00a0involve the racist attitudes of whites\u2019 and feelings of anger and abandoment in economically struggling rural communities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Racially coded, and racially explicit, language is particularly powerful for tapping into white Americans\u2019 feelings of displacement, loss, and resentment. Sociological research suggests that racialized attacks on \u201cundeserving\u201d immigrants and people of color who benefit from government \u201chandouts\u201d provide a target for anger and a rationale for why white working class communities are struggling economically (while ignoring the privileges that go along with whiteness). Thus, the emotional appeals of racist and xenophobic campaign rhetoric can contribute to lower income people voting against their economic self-interest.<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/faculty.ithaca.edu\/pioanide\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paula Ioanide<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2015. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sup.org\/books\/title\/?id=25108\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Emotional Politics of Racism: How Feelings Trump Facts in an Era of Colorblindness<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.berkeley.edu\/our-faculty\/faculty-profiles\/ian-haney-lopez\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ian Haney-L\u00f3pez<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2014. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/academic\/product\/dog-whistle-politics-9780190229252?cc=us&amp;lang=en&amp;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dog Whistle Politics: How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented Racism and Wrecked the Middle Class<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Oxford, UK; New York, NY: Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/schar.gmu.edu\/faculty-staff\/faculty\/justin-gest\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Justin Gest<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2016. <\/span><em><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/academic\/product\/the-new-minority-9780190632540?cc=us&amp;lang=en&amp;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The New Minority: White Working Class Politics in an Age of Immigration and Inequality<\/span><\/a><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Oxford, UK; New York, NY: Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Much of the public commentary about white working class voters has focused on folks in cities and industrial sectors, but another important population to consider is\u00a0rural residents. People in rural areas\u00a0are disproportionately white, are struggling economically due to declines in commodity prices, and are confronting rapid demographic changes.\u00a0R<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ural citizens, especially white men, perceive their religious and nationalist beliefs as being looked-down upon by liberals, and they draw on a strong rural identity when they describe feeling ignored and abandoned by politicians and elites who devalue their lifestyles. They see the government as creating policies that favor cities and help undeserving minorities and state bureaucrats, all while ignoring rural people. Thus, conservative politicians like Trump have tapped into people\u2019s anger and resentment through emotional appeals to masculinity and male dignity, American nationalism, and Christian morals.<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.berkeley.edu\/professor-emeritus\/arlie-r-hochschild\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arlie Russell Hochschild<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2016. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/thenewpress.com\/books\/strangers-their-own-land\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strangers in Their Own Land Anger and Mourning on the American Right<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New York, NY: The New Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/faculty.polisci.wisc.edu\/kwalsh2\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Katherine J Cramer<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2016. <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.press.uchicago.edu\/ucp\/books\/book\/chicago\/P\/bo22879533.html\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Politics of Resentment: Rural Consciousness in Wisconsin and the Rise of Scott Walker<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/webdocs\/publications\/eib162\/eib-162.pdf?v=42684.\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rural America at a Glance<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Washington, DC.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.human.cornell.edu\/bio.cfm?netid=dtl28\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daniel T. Lichter<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2012. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4606139\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Immigration and the New Racial Diversity in Rural America<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rural Sociology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 77(1): 3\u201335.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For more on why working class whites voted from Trump, see <a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/clippings\/2017\/01\/04\/crossing-an-empathy-bridge-to-understand-trump-supporters\/\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/socimages\/2016\/12\/14\/is-trumps-biggest-demographic-poorly-educated-or-poor-heres-why-it-matters\/\">here<\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scholarsstrategynetwork.org\/brief\/none-politicians-come-see-us-all-%E2%80%93-how-rural-people-view-government-and-political-parties\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trump&#8217;s rise to the presidency still has many people\u00a0wondering why large numbers of whites with low to moderate incomes voted for a candidate who supports policies that are likely to have a negative impact on them. In other words, how is a millionaire real estate developer from New York City seen as an average Joe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,13,85,14],"tags":[38545,38541,1976,38546,38542,42,1221,42242],"class_list":["post-1274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gender","category-inequality","category-politics","category-race","tag-gender","tag-inequality","tag-masculinity","tag-politics","tag-race","tag-religion","tag-rural","tag-white-voters"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1957"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1274"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1280,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1274\/revisions\/1280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}