{"id":1077,"date":"2016-10-14T07:30:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-14T12:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=1077"},"modified":"2016-10-13T09:03:26","modified_gmt":"2016-10-13T14:03:26","slug":"strategies-for-reducing-gun-violence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2016\/10\/14\/strategies-for-reducing-gun-violence\/","title":{"rendered":"Strategies for Reducing Gun Violence"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1079\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1079\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/search\/?text=guns&amp;license=4%2C5%2C9%2C10\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1079\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/16103337050_290accda08_z-600x381.jpg\" alt=\"Photo by Peretz Partensky, Flickr CC\" width=\"600\" height=\"381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/16103337050_290accda08_z-600x381.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/16103337050_290accda08_z-300x190.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/16103337050_290accda08_z.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1079\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Peretz Partensky, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With police use of force and mass shootings occupying the center of the public\u2019s discourse on public safety, single incident homicides and suicides, which comprise the majority of gun violence, fly relatively under the radar. Social science sheds light on the rates and distribution of gun violence, as well as the most effective strategies to reduce it. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2012, there were over 32,000 deaths by firearms in the United States, which is a significantly higher rate compared to similar countries like Great Britain. Although homicides commitment with firearms are declining overall (though the suicide firearm rate is increasing), the risks for homicide violence vary among demographic groups. In terms of homicide, young African American males and females are at increased risk of firearm homicide compared to other racial groups, but this gap declines with age. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu\/publish\/facultybio\/search\/faculty\/242\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garen J. Wintemute<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2015. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031914-122535\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Epidemiology of Firearm Violence in the Twenty-First Century United <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">States<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annual Review of Public Health <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">36(5): 5-19. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research shows that targeted gun seizures can lead to reductions in gun crimes. Additionally, background checks, of both those who have criminal records and those deemed \u201chigh risk,\u201d are shown to decrease gun violence and arrests. Gun buyback programs &#8211; when the government offers to buy privately owned firearms &#8212; have been shown to have no effect on gun homicide or suicide rates. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.crim.cam.ac.uk\/people\/academic_research\/lawrence_sherman\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lawrence Sherman<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and Dennis Rogan. 1995. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/07418829500096241\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Effects of Gun Seizures on Gun Violence: Hot Spots Patrol<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in Kansas City<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Justice Quarterly <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">12(4): 673-693.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jhsph.edu\/faculty\/directory\/profile\/739\/daniel-webster\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daniel Webster<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu\/publish\/facultybio\/search\/faculty\/242\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garen J. Wintemute<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2015. &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25581152\">Effects of Policies Designed to Keep Firearms from <\/a><\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">High-Risk Individuals.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Annual Review of Public Health<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 36: 21\u201337.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.umsl.edu\/ccj\/faculty\/rosenfeld.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Richard Rosenfeld<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 1995. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncjrs.gov\/App\/publications\/abstract.aspx?ID=161877\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gun Buybacks: Crime Control or Community Mobilization<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221; In M.R Plotkin <\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Ed.), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under Fire: Gun Buybacks, Exchanges and Amnesty Programs<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Washington, DC: Police <\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Executive Research Forum: 1-28.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research also indicates that homicidal gun victimization clusters within small groups that are concentrated in particular neighborhoods. Intervention in these networks has been linked to both reduced shooting behavior, as well as reduced firearm victimization. For example, the Violence Reduction Strategy, pioneered in Boston, is a procedural justice initiative that brings gang members together with community members and law enforcement officials for hour long meetings of focused deterrence. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.yale.edu\/people\/andrew-papachristos\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andrew V. Papachristos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hks.harvard.edu\/programs\/criminaljustice\/people\/faculty-staff\/anthony-a.-braga\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anthony A. Braga<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jjay.cuny.edu\/faculty\/eric-piza\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eric Piza<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/rscj.newark.rutgers.edu\/faculty\/member\/grossman-leigh\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leigh S. Grossman<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2015. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1745-9125.12091\/abstract\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Company You Keep? <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Spillover Effects of Gang Membership on Individual Gunshot Victimization in a Co-Offending <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Network<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criminology <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">53(3): 624-649.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sociology.ox.ac.uk\/academic-staff\/david-kirk.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">David S. Kirk<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.yale.edu\/people\/andrew-papachristos\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andrew V. Papachristos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2011. &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/liberalarts.utexas.edu\/_files\/kirkds\/KirkPapachristos_AJS2011_Published.pdf\">Cultural Mechanisms and the Persistence of <\/a><\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neighborhood Violence.&#8221;\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Journal of Sociology <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">116(4): 1190-1233.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.yale.edu\/people\/andrew-papachristos\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andrew V. Papachristos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sociology.ox.ac.uk\/academic-staff\/david-kirk.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">David S. Kirk<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2015. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1745-9133.12139\/abstract\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Changing The Street Dynamic: Evaluating Chicago\u2019s <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Group Violence Reduction Strategy.<\/span><\/a>&#8220;<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Criminology &amp; Public Policy <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">14(3): 525-558.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With police use of force and mass shootings occupying the center of the public\u2019s discourse on public safety, single incident homicides and suicides, which comprise the majority of gun violence, fly relatively under the radar. Social science sheds light on the rates and distribution of gun violence, as well as the most effective strategies to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[124,85],"tags":[38547,40843,17258,40844,38546],"class_list":["post-1077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-crime","category-politics","tag-crime","tag-gun-laws","tag-gun-violence","tag-interventions","tag-politics"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1957"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1077"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1080,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077\/revisions\/1080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1077"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1077"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}