{"id":1070,"date":"2016-10-12T11:31:07","date_gmt":"2016-10-12T16:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/?p=1070"},"modified":"2016-10-12T11:31:07","modified_gmt":"2016-10-12T16:31:07","slug":"the-illusion-of-media-objectivity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/2016\/10\/12\/the-illusion-of-media-objectivity\/","title":{"rendered":"The Illusion of Media Objectivity"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1075\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1075\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/monoglot\/3208797912\/in\/photolist-5TxVPW-5TtAwg-jqwvuZ-5TEz6a-oHtDy-8aHP49-6Ujs2J-5q5z6-85eWL1-8eVDEC-de4KPW-89hL2a-akfyVt-6v8Yn7-NsZSn-4ggmjT-s7JLeF-akimcs-8hygfw-huwSJ2-qDymy-57ng7S-akikYQ-9Y1eK1-6w7SWc-bPWfQ6-hvYX6F-9iRyQC-dPspNd-9Rjj87-hvXZ65-cSCS5E-soLNSW-943pHF-5zvccY-5ofYnM-4uVcA4-5D5Q4i-ceKb97-5AXWxT-cSCRP1-9RfTTT-8M9DLL-4qkqeX-oPK1do-5nAG3T-9ukpZH-9RiKTL-oNBf19-iYXfq\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-1075\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/3208797912_e8a3e0809b_z-1-600x329.jpg\" alt=\"Photo by Ryan Godfrey, Flickr CC\" width=\"600\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/3208797912_e8a3e0809b_z-1-600x329.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/3208797912_e8a3e0809b_z-1-300x165.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/files\/2016\/10\/3208797912_e8a3e0809b_z-1.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Ryan Godfrey, Flickr CC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During a political season in which very little has gone according to script, one thing has been fairly predictable: the demand on all sides for &#8220;media objectivity.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advocates for objective political reporting are typically referring to journalistic conventions that include using direct quotes, presenting &#8220;both&#8221; sides of the story, and focusing on the presentation of &#8220;material facts.&#8221; These facts, we are often told, speak for themselves. But as intuitive and appealing as the call for neutral, unbiased reporting might sound, however, sociologists have been both cautious and critical. <\/span><\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One reason for sociological skepticism is that the notion of objectivity in political journalism is actually a fairly recent historical invention. It has less to do with balance or fairness than it does with ritualized procedures journalists use to protect themselves from the pressures they face in the day-to-day reporting of complex issues. Objectivity, in this sense, emerged as a kind of protective blanket for political journalists. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.columbia.edu\/node\/187\">Michael Schudson<\/a>. 2001. \u201c<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/jou.sagepub.com\/content\/2\/2\/149.abstract\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The objectivity norm in American journalism<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journalism<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 2(2):149\u201370.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.uconn.edu\/tuchman\/\">Gaye Tuchman<\/a>. 1972. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2776752?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Objectivity as Strategic Ritual: An Examination of Newsmen&#8217;s Notion of Objectivity<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Journal of Sociology<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 77:660\u201379.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not only are the ritualized practices of objectivity in political journalism relatively new, sociologists have shown that they are fraught with problems and limitations. For example, basic standards of media objectivity are typically less consistently applied to female political candidates and candidates of color.<\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journalism.wisc.edu\/sjmc_profile\/susan-robinson\/\">Susan Robinson<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/journalism.wisc.edu\/sjmc_profile\/katy-culver\/\">Kathleen Bartzen Culver<\/a>. 2016. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/jou.sagepub.com\/content\/early\/2016\/08\/18\/1464884916663599.abstract\">When White Reporters Cover Race: News Media, Objectivity and Community (Dis)trust<\/a>. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Journalism.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Published online,\u00a0 August 18, 2016.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.slu.edu\/department-of-communication-home\/diana-b-carlin\">Diana Carlin<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/commstudies.k-state.edu\/about\/faculty\/kelly-winfrey.html\">Kelly L. Winfrey<\/a>. 2009. \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10510970903109904?src=recsys\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have You Come a Long Way, Baby? Hillary Clinton, Sarah Palin, and \u00a0Sexism in 2008 Campaign Coverage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Communication Studies<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a060(4): 326-343.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another strand of sociological scholarship suggests that most standards of objectivity are strongly linked to social context, personal experiences, and the types of conversations that people\u00a0have with their peers. In other words, journalists and media organizations tend to define objectivity in relation to their target audience and frame their coverage to appease this group. This approach suggests that although MSNBC and Fox News typify the seemingly <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/socimages\/2016\/09\/12\/blue-feed-red-feed-how-our-media-bubble-protects-our-ideologies\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bifurcated nature<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0of political journalism in the United States, they epitomize two sides of the same coin and may represent the &#8220;new normal&#8221; in political journalism. <\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/as.tufts.edu\/sociology\/people\/faculty\/sobieraj\">Sarah Sobieraj<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/as.tufts.edu\/politicalscience\/people\/faculty\/berry\">Jeffery M. Berry<\/a>, and Amy Connors. 2013. &#8220;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0304422X13000405\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Outrageous Opinion Media and Political Anxiety in the U.S<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8221; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poetics<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 41(5): 407-432.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/commstudies.utexas.edu\/faculty\/rhetoric-and-language\/natalie-jomini-stroud\">Natalie Stroud<\/a>. 2011. <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=Xc14seihvDkC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP2&amp;dq=Stroud,+N.J.,+2011.+Niche+News:+The+Politics+of+News+Choice.+Oxford+University+Press,+New+York.&amp;ots=kqKf-7ffz4&amp;sig=sjp_O-Ymv9Iac1HlLQ2Q86I5VsI#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Niche News: The Politics of News Choice<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. New York: Oxford University Press.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During a political season in which very little has gone according to script, one thing has been fairly predictable: the demand on all sides for &#8220;media objectivity.&#8221; Advocates for objective political reporting are typically referring to journalistic conventions that include using direct quotes, presenting &#8220;both&#8221; sides of the story, and focusing on the presentation of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1957,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,85],"tags":[38543,118,129,40841,38546],"class_list":["post-1070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-culture","category-politics","tag-culture","tag-journalism","tag-media","tag-media-objectivity","tag-politics"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1957"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1070"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1076,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070\/revisions\/1076"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/trot\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}