{"id":2782,"date":"2016-03-10T11:27:58","date_gmt":"2016-03-10T16:27:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/?p=2782"},"modified":"2016-03-11T17:59:01","modified_gmt":"2016-03-11T22:59:01","slug":"the-vanishing-barbershop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/2016\/03\/10\/the-vanishing-barbershop\/","title":{"rendered":"The Vanishing Barbershop?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The barbershop holds a special place in American culture. With its red, white, and blue striped poles, dark naugahyde chairs, and straight razor shaves, the barbershop has been a place where men congregate to shore-up their stubble and get a handle on their hair. From a sociological perspective, the barbershop is an interesting place because of its historically homosocial character, where men spend time with other men. In the absence of women, men create close relationships with each other. Some might come daily to talk with their barbers, discuss the news, or play chess. Men create community in these places, and community is important to people\u2019s health and well-being.<\/p>\n<p>But is the barbershop disappearing? If so, is anything taking its place?<\/p>\n<p>In my study of high-service men\u2019s salons\u2014dedicated to the primping and preening of an all male clientele\u2014hair stylists described the \u201cold school\u201d barbershop as a vanishing place. They explained that men are seeking out a pampered grooming experience that the bare-bones barbershop with its corner dusty tube television doesn\u2019t offer. The licensed barbers I interviewed saw these newer men\u2019s salons as a \u201cresurgence\u201d of \u201ca men-only place\u201d that provides more \u201ccare\u201d to clients than the \u201cdirty little barbershop.\u201d And those barbershops that are sticking around, said Roxy, one barber, are \u201ctrying to be a little more upscale.\u201d She encourages barbers to \u201crepaint and add flat-screen TVs.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2797\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2797\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2797\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Tonys-barbershop-600x450.jpg\" alt=\"Tony's Barber Shop. Yelp.com.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Tonys-barbershop-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Tonys-barbershop-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Tonys-barbershop-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Tonys-barbershop.jpg 816w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2797\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tony&#8217;s Barber Shop. Yelp.com.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>When I asked clients of one men\u2019s salon, The Executive, if they ever had their hair cut at a barbershop, they explained that they did not fit the demographic. Barbershops, they said, are for old men with little hair to worry about or young boys who don\u2019t have anyone to impress. As professional white-collar men, they see themselves as having outgrown the barbershop. A salon, with its focus on detailed haircuts and various services, including manicures, pedicures, hair coloring, and body waxing, help these mostly white men to obtain what they consider to be a \u201cprofessional\u201d appearance. \u201cProfessional men\u2026 they know that if they look successful, that will create connotations to their clients or customers or others that they work with\u2014that they are smart, that they know what they\u2019re doing,\u201d said Gill, a client of the salon and vice-president in software, who reasoned why men go to\u00a0the salon.<\/p>\n<p>Indeed the numbers support the claim that barbershops are dwindling, and it may indeed\u00a0be due to white well-to-do men\u2019s shifting attitudes about what a barbershop is, what it can offer, and who goes there. (In my earlier research on a small women\u2019s salon [see <a href=\"http:\/\/gas.sagepub.com\/content\/22\/4\/455.abstract\">here<\/a>], one male client told me the barbershop is a place for the mechanic, or \u201cgrease-monkey,\u201d who doesn\u2019t care how he looks, and for \u201cmachismo\u201d men who prefer a pile of Playboy magazines rather than the finery of a salon). According to Census data,\u00a0there is a fairly steady decline\u00a0in the number of barbershops over twenty years. From 1992-2012, we saw a 22.5% decrease in barbershops in the United Stated, with a slight uptick in 2013.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2798\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2798\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-2798\" src=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Barber-Shop-Graph-1992-2013-1-600x244.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. Census Bureau, Statistics of U.S. Businesses, www.census.gov.\" width=\"600\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Barber-Shop-Graph-1992-2013-1-600x244.jpg 600w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Barber-Shop-Graph-1992-2013-1-300x122.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Barber-Shop-Graph-1992-2013-1-768x312.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/files\/2016\/03\/Barber-Shop-Graph-1992-2013-1.jpg 2016w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2798\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Census Bureau, Statistics of U.S. Businesses, www.census.gov.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But these attitudes about the barbershop as a place of ol\u2019, as a fading institution that provides outdated fades, is both a classed and raced attitude. With all the nostalgia for the barbershop in American culture, there is surprisingly little academic writing\u00a0about it. It is telling, though, that research considering the importance of the barbershop in men\u2019s lives focuses on black barbershops. The corner barbershop is alive and well in black communities and it serves an important role in the lives of black men. In her book, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/press.princeton.edu\/titles\/7761.html\">Barbershops, Bibles, and BET<\/a><\/em>, Political Scientist and TV host, Melissa Harris-Perry, wrote about everyday barbershop talk as important for understanding collective efforts to frame black political thought. Scholars also find the black barbershop remains an important site for building communities and economies in black neighborhoods and for socializing young black boys (see <a href=\"https:\/\/earlwrightii.files.wordpress.com\/2015\/03\/wright-calhoun-common-thug.pdf\">here<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007%2FBF00288098#page-1\">here<\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/jbs.sagepub.com\/content\/early\/2016\/02\/16\/0021934716629337.abstract\">here<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>And so asking if the barbershop is vanishing is the wrong question. Rather, we should be asking: Where and for whom is the barbershop vanishing? And where barbershops continue as staples of a community, what purpose do they serve? Where they are disappearing, what is replacing them and what are the social relations underpinning the emergence of these new places?<\/p>\n<p>In some white hipster neighborhoods, the barbershop is actually making a comeback. In his article, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.playboy.com\/articles\/what-the-barbershop-renaissance-says-about-men\">What the Barbershop Renaissance Says about Men<\/a>, journalist and popular masculinities commentator, Thomas Page McBee, writes that these places provide sensory pleasures whereby men can channel a masculinity that existed unfettered in the \u201cgood old days.\u201d The smell of talcum powder and the presence of shaving mugs help men to grapple with what it means to be a man at a time when masculinity is up for debate. But in a barbershop\u00a0that charges $45 for a haircut, some men are left out. And so, in a place that engages tensions between ideas of nostalgic masculinity and a new sort of progressive man, we may very well see opportunities for real change fall by the wayside. The hipster phenomenon, after all, is a largely white one that appropriates symbols of white working-class masculinity: think white tank tops with tattoos or the plaid shirts of lumbersexuals. (See Tristan Bridges&#8217; posts\u00a0on <a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/2014\/07\/31\/bacon-beards-and-beer-feminist-reflections-on-hipster-masculinity\/\">hipster masculinity<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/2015\/01\/29\/cosmopolitan-masculinities-and-gender-omnivorousness-transformations-in-gender-and-inequality\/\">borrowing of\u00a0working-class masculine aesthetics<\/a>, and his post with D&#8217;Lane Compton on <a href=\"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/2014\/12\/25\/power-pomp-and-plaid-lumbersexuals-and-white-heteromasculine-pageantry\/\">the lumbersexual<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>When we return to neighborhoods\u00a0where barbershops are indeed disappearing, and being replaced with high-service men\u2019s salons like those in my forthcoming book, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/rutgerspress.rutgers.edu\/product\/Styling-Masculinity,5887.aspx\">Styling Masculinity<\/a>,\u00a0<\/em>it is important to put these shifts into context. They are not signs of a disintegrating by-gone culture of manhood. Rather, they are part of a transformation of white,\u00a0well-to-do masculinity that reflects\u00a0an enduring investment in distinguishing men along the lines of race and class according to where they have their hair cut. And these men are still creating intimate relationships; but instead of immersing themselves in communities of men, they are often building confidential relationships with women hair stylists.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>*<em>Thank you to Trisha Crashaw, graduate student at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, for her work on the included graph.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The barbershop holds a special place in American culture. With its red, white, and blue striped poles, dark naugahyde chairs, and straight razor shaves, the barbershop has been a place where men congregate to shore-up their stubble and get a handle on their hair. From a sociological perspective, the barbershop is an interesting place because [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2055,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[218],"tags":[37953,216,29,229,37886,4264,251,37952,14],"class_list":["post-2782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bodies","tag-barbershops","tag-beauty","tag-class","tag-consumption","tag-gender","tag-grooming","tag-hair","tag-metrosexual","tag-race"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2055"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2782"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2805,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2782\/revisions\/2805"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thesocietypages.org\/feminist\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}